Multicast Ingress Node Selection for Efficient 5G RAN Delivery

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing 5G networks face inefficiencies in switching between unicast and multicast delivery methods, leading to suboptimal resource management and increased load on application servers due to end-to-end switching on a per-cell basis, especially in deployments with CU-DU split RAN architecture.

Innovation Solution

A method for selecting an ingress node for a multicast distribution session by configuring a user plane handling component, such as a UPF, to manage incoming data and reserve resources, using a database to store information on RAN nodes and update configurations dynamically based on UE requests and changes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If end-to-end switching between unicast and multicast is implemented on a per-cell basis, then service flexibility is improved, but core network resource management becomes inefficient and application server load increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveservice flexibilityVSAvoidcore network resource management efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a session management function (SMF) as an intermediary between the radio access network and the core network. The SMF receives multicast session establishment requests from application servers, manages the PDU sessions for multicast groups, and coordinates with user plane functions (UPF) to establish efficient data paths. This intermediary layer abstracts the complexity of per-cell switching decisions from the core network, allowing flexible multicast service delivery while maintaining efficient resource management at the core network level.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If multicast distribution sessions are established without centralized ingress node selection, then deployment simplicity is improved, but network resource wastage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeployment simplicityVSAvoidnetwork resource wastage
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary action by having the session management function (SMF) proactively select and configure an ingress node (upstream PDU session anchor) before multicast data transmission begins. The SMF determines the optimal ingress node based on network topology and multicast group distribution, pre-establishes the data path through user plane functions (UPF), and configures multicast distribution parameters in advance. This preliminary configuration ensures efficient resource utilization from the start of multicast transmission, avoiding network resource wastage while maintaining deployment simplicity through automated SMF-driven management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If centralized ingress node management is implemented, then network resource efficiency is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork resource efficiencyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies universality by designing the session management function (SMF) to handle multiple functions within a single network element. The SMF not only manages PDU sessions for individual users but also coordinates multicast session establishment, selects ingress nodes, configures user plane functions (UPF) for multicast distribution, and manages the interaction between unicast and multicast delivery modes. This multi-functional approach consolidates complexity into a centralized control function while maintaining efficient resource management, avoiding the need for multiple specialized components and simplifying the overall system architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP4085667B1Selecting ingress node for a multicast distribution session
Publication Date: 2026.03.11 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP4085667B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4085667B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4085667B1 patent drawingFigure 4a

AI summary

Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for selecting the ingress node for a multicast distribution session are provided. One method may include receiving a request to join a multicast session, and checking a database to determine whether an ingress node for the multicast session has already been assigned or configured to handle a corresponding multicast distribution session by passing received data towards radio nodes within the multicast distribution session.