Multicast Switch Array for Precise Multi-Beam Steering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional beam steering technologies face challenges in achieving precise and cost-effective beam steering, particularly in generating a variable optical path for large-scale multi-beam applications such as LiDAR and free space optical communication.
Innovation Solution
A beam steering device utilizing a multicast switch array with a plurality of switches connected to a waveguide and grating couplers, allowing for precise control of light transmission to multiple grating couplers through switching, enabling the formation of programmable multi-beam patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If an interferometer is used for beam steering, then beam steering can be achieved, but precise beam steering is difficult and implementation cost is high
Solution Approach 1:
The beam steering function is segmented into multiple independent optical switches arranged in a line, each controlling a separate waveguide path to a grating coupler. This segmentation allows precise control of individual beam paths while simplifying the overall system architecture compared to a monolithic interferometer, thereby reducing implementation cost while maintaining steering precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical interferometer system with an optical switching system using optical switches and waveguides. This substitution eliminates the need for complex mechanical adjustments and interferometric calibration, reducing both the implementation cost and the difficulty of achieving precise beam steering while maintaining the ability to steer beams accurately.
2Adaptability or versatility
If an interferometer is used for beam steering, then beam steering can be achieved, but it is difficult to generate a variable optical path
Solution Approach 1:
The optical path is made dynamic through the use of controllable optical switches that can be individually activated or deactivated. This allows the system to generate variable optical paths by selectively switching between different waveguide routes, providing adaptability for different beam steering requirements without requiring a complex reconfigurable interferometer structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The optical path is divided into multiple independent segments (waveguides) that can be independently controlled by separate optical switches. This segmentation enables flexible combination of different path segments to create variable optical paths, achieving adaptability while keeping each individual segment simple and manageable.
3Productivity
If a multicast switch array is used for multi-beam steering, then large-scale multi-beam steering is enabled, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple optical switches and waveguides are merged into a single integrated switch array structure on one substrate. This merging allows the system to achieve large-scale multi-beam steering capability while the integrated design reduces the overall device complexity compared to having separate, discrete beam steering components. The unified structure simplifies fabrication and assembly.
Solution Approach 2:
The switch array is designed with universal functionality where each optical switch can control multiple waveguide paths, and the same structural elements serve multiple purposes in the multi-beam steering process. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional specialized components, thereby managing device complexity while enabling robust multi-beam steering capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient and precise steering of large-scale multi-beams, reducing manufacturing costs and complexity while allowing for fine adjustment of light intensity and emission angles, enhancing applications in LiDAR and free space optical communication.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of grating couplers connected to the plurality of switches
Data Source
AI summary
A multicast switch array and a multi-beam steering device using the same are provided. Accordingly, it is possible to precisely steer a large-scale multi-beam.