Multicore Fiber Low-Refractive Index Layer Crosstalk

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Solution Overview

Problem

Multicore fibers face increased cutoff wavelength and inter-core crosstalk issues due to core arrangement, particularly when a core is surrounded by three or more cores, hindering single-mode communication.

Innovation Solution

A multicore fiber design where the specific core has a low-refractive index layer with higher light confinement loss compared to surrounding cores, balancing light escape and confinement to suppress cutoff wavelength increase and reduce crosstalk.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If a core is surrounded by three or more cores in the multicore fiber, then the inter-core distance decreases and more cores can be packed, but the cutoff wavelength of the specific core increases and single-mode communication cannot be performed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of coresVSAvoidsingle-mode communication capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by giving different refractive index characteristics to different regions. Specifically, the low-refractive index layer surrounding the specific core has a refractive index lower than both the cladding and the inner cladding layer, creating a localized refractive index well that suppresses the cutoff wavelength increase. This local modification allows the specific core to maintain single-mode communication capability while surrounded by multiple other cores.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Volume of moving object

If the diameter of the multicore fiber decreases to reduce the number of fibers needed, then the inter-core distance decreases, but inter-core crosstalk occurs more easily

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber bundle sizeVSAvoidinter-core crosstalk
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a low-refractive index layer as an intermediary between the specific core and the surrounding cores. This layer acts as a mediator that reduces the electromagnetic field interaction between adjacent cores, thereby suppressing inter-core crosstalk. The low-refractive index layer serves as a buffer zone that prevents direct coupling between cores while allowing the fiber diameter to be reduced for compact deployment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Object-generated harmful factors

If a low-refractive index layer is formed around each core to reduce crosstalk, then inter-core crosstalk decreases, but the cutoff wavelength of the specific core increases due to the core arrangement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinter-core crosstalkVSAvoidcutoff wavelength control
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the refractive index parameter of the low-refractive index layer. The key innovation is making the refractive index of this layer lower than both the cladding layer and the inner cladding layer, creating a refractive index gradient that simultaneously achieves crosstalk reduction and cutoff wavelength suppression. This parameter optimization resolves the contradiction between crosstalk reduction and cutoff wavelength control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design effectively suppresses the cutoff wavelength and inter-core crosstalk, enabling reliable single-mode communication by optimizing the refractive index distribution and structure of the low-refractive index layers.

Implementation Method 1

a low-refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the cladding and the inner cladding layer and surrounding the inner cladding layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP2682793B1Multicore fiber
Publication Date: 2017.03.22 FUJIKURA LTD
  • EP2682793B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP2682793B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP2682793B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Provided is a multicore fiber capable of suppressing a cutoff wavelength of a specific core from increasing while reducing inter-core crosstalk. A multicore fiber 100 includes a cladding (40) and a plurality of core elements 10b (23a) which is provided in the cladding 40 and includes a core 11 (21), an inner cladding layer 12 (22) that surrounds the core 11 (21), and a low-refractive index layer 13b (23a) that surrounds the inner cladding layer 12 (22) and has a lower average refractive index than the cladding (40) and the inner cladding layer 12 (22). The plurality of core elements 13b (23a) is arranged such that a specific core element 13b is surrounded by three or more core elements 23a, and a low-refractive index layer 13b of a partial core element 10b of the plurality of core elements 13b, 23a is configured to have larger light confinement loss in the core 11 than low-refractive index layers 23b of the other partial core elements 20a.