Multi-Directional Fire Nozzle for Wider Engine Compartment Coverage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional fire extinguishing systems in gas turbine engines deliver fire extinguishing agents through single orifice nozzles, which limit the coverage area and require multiple nozzles to effectively extinguish fires in the core compartment, increasing complexity and potential failure points.

Innovation Solution

A multi-directional fire extinguishing nozzle that distributes fire extinguishing agent through multiple directional flows, allowing for broader coverage with fewer nozzles, utilizing a plug and hose fitting system with annulus and fluid distribution outlets to enhance delivery efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If single orifice nozzles are used to deliver fire extinguishing agent, then the system structure is simple, but the coverage area is limited and more nozzles are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoverage areaVSAvoidnumber of nozzles
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The nozzle is segmented into multiple outlet openings (first, second, third outlets) arranged in different directions. Each outlet delivers fire extinguishing agent in a specific direction, collectively covering the entire core compartment area without requiring multiple separate nozzles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The outlets are arranged in three-dimensional space with different orientations (axial, radial, and angled directions). This spatial arrangement allows the single nozzle to cover a volumetric region rather than just a linear path, expanding coverage area without increasing nozzle quantity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If multiple single stream nozzles are installed to cover the core compartment, then the coverage area is sufficient, but the system complexity and potential failure points increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem reliabilityVSAvoidnumber of components
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple outlet functions are merged into a single integrated nozzle body. The first outlet (axial direction), second outlet (radial direction), and third outlet (angled direction) are all part of one nozzle assembly, reducing the total component count while maintaining comprehensive coverage capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single multi-directional nozzle performs multiple functions that would traditionally require separate nozzles. It simultaneously provides axial cooling, radial fire suppression, and angled area coverage, making the system more reliable by eliminating multiple potential failure points.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Productivity

If conventional single direction nozzles are used, then the nozzle design is simple, but the delivery efficiency and coverage are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedelivery efficiencyVSAvoidnozzle structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Different outlets are designed with specific local characteristics suited to their function. The first outlet provides axial flow for deep penetration, the second outlet provides radial spray for surface coverage, and the third outlet provides angled discharge for edge coverage. Each local structure is optimized for its specific delivery role, improving overall efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances fire extinguishing coverage in the core compartment of gas turbine engines by reducing the number of nozzles required and improving delivery efficiency, thereby simplifying the system and potentially lowering maintenance costs.

Implementation Method 1

an outer surface of the hose fitting and an inner surface of the coupling nut may define an annulus. The annulus may be in fluid communication with the fluid distribution outlets.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow:

Data Source

PatentEP4070860B1Multi-directional fire extinguishing nozzle
Publication Date: 2025.12.17 RTX CORP
  • EP4070860B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4070860B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4070860B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A multi-directional fire extinguishing nozzle (200; 300; 400; 500) is disclosed. The multi-directional fire extinguishing nozzle (200; 300; 400; 500) may comprise a pylon fitting (270; 470; 570) configured to receive a fire extinguishing agent. The multi-directional fire extinguishing nozzle (200; 300; 400; 500) may comprise a hose fitting (280; 380; 480) coupled to the pylon fitting (270; 470; 570) via a coupling nut. The multi-directional fire extinguishing nozzle (200; 300; 400; 500) may comprise a plurality of fluid distribution outlets (295; 395; 495; 595) configured to deliver the fire extinguishing agent. The fluid distribution outlets (295; 395; 495; 595) may define voids on the surface of the coupling nut (290; 390; 490), and extending through the coupling nut (290; 390; 490) and the hose fitting (280; 380; 480).