Multi-Frequency Circular Polarization Antenna Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems, such as GPS and ETC systems, require antennas that support circular polarization in multiple frequencies, but existing antennas fail to efficiently achieve this across various oscillation frequencies, particularly in vehicle-mounted and small mobile terminal applications.
Innovation Solution
A multi-frequency circular polarization antenna design featuring two mirror-symmetrical antennas with series circuits of inductors and capacitors, connected at a center point with a predetermined angle less than 90 degrees, allowing for efficient circular polarization across multiple frequencies by adjusting the phase difference of input signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a single antenna is designed to support multiple frequencies, then frequency versatility is improved, but polarization performance and gain across all frequencies deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is divided into two separate antenna elements (first antenna and second antenna) arranged mirror-symmetrically. Each antenna is optimized for specific frequency ranges, with the first antenna covering lower frequencies and the second antenna covering higher frequencies. This segmentation allows each antenna to maintain high polarization performance at its optimized frequencies while collectively providing broad multi-frequency support.
2Volume of moving object
If antenna size is reduced for compact terminals, then ease of installation is improved, but gain and radiation efficiency worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a three-dimensional folded antenna structure where the conductor winds through multiple spatial layers and dimensions. This allows the antenna to achieve an effective electrical length sufficient for high gain while occupying a compact physical volume. The mirror-symmetrical arrangement of two such folded antennas further enhances this space-efficient design while maintaining circular polarization performance.
3Reliability
If mirror-symmetrical antenna arrangement is used for circular polarization, then polarization quality is improved, but structural complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
While the overall antenna pair is arranged mirror-symmetrically for circular polarization, each individual antenna incorporates asymmetric folded conductor paths with different segment lengths and orientations. This controlled asymmetry within each antenna element, combined with the mirror symmetry between the pair, achieves high-quality circular polarization through differential phase excitation while managing structural complexity through systematic design.
4Adaptability or versatility
If multiple L-shaped conductors are added for multi-frequency support, then frequency versatility is improved, but manufacturing complexity worsens
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple L-shaped conductor segments are merged into a single continuous folded conductor path within each antenna element. This integrated structure achieves multi-frequency resonance through strategically placed discontinuities and varying segment lengths along the continuous path, eliminating the need for separate discrete L-shaped components and simplifying manufacturing while maintaining broad frequency coverage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna achieves sufficient gain and compact, lightweight design capable of emitting circular polarization at multiple frequencies, including 2.5 GHz and 5.2 GHz, enhancing communication efficiency in diverse applications.
Implementation Method 1
a series circuit of a first inductor Lser and a first capacitor Cser, the series circuit connecting the first input/output terminal 110 and the first antenna conductor 120
Implementation Method 2
a first inductor Lser
Implementation Method 3
a first capacitor Cser
Implementation Method 4
two multi-frequency antennas 900 and 901... arranged to make a predetermined angle that is less than 90 degrees... capable of emitting circular polarization
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an antenna that enables circular polarization in a plurality of oscillation frequencies. A multi-frequency circular polarization antenna is formed with a substrate and multi-frequency antennas. The multi-frequency antennas are formed with antenna elements, shunt inductor conductors, series capacitor conductors, series inductor conductors, a center point, and input/output terminals. The multi-frequency antenna is arranged to cross the multi-frequency antenna at the center point to make an angle that is less than 90 degrees with respect to the multi-frequency antenna.