Multi-Layer Antenna Module With Air Gap for mmWave Gain
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna modules for electronic devices, particularly those using a multi-layer substrate, face challenges in enhancing antenna gain and directivity in the mmWave band, especially in reducing the arrangement space for communication modules as display areas expand.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a broadband antenna module with a dielectric and air gap structure, where a first and second dielectric layer are spaced apart with an air gap layer in between, configured to improve antenna gain by controlling the width and permittivity of the dielectric layers and the air gap, forming a hexahedron structure to direct radio signals effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If antenna elements are arranged in a multi-layer substrate to reduce arrangement space, then the arrangement space is reduced, but the antenna gain and directivity are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a planar two-dimensional antenna arrangement to a three-dimensional multi-layer structure with vertical stacking. Multiple antenna elements are arranged across different layers (first antenna layer, second antenna layer, third antenna layer) separated by dielectric layers and air gaps, enabling spatial diversity and enhanced gain without increasing the horizontal footprint.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite structure combining dielectric materials (first dielectric layer, second dielectric layer) and air gaps as insulation and spacing media. This composite arrangement optimizes electromagnetic field distribution, reduces signal loss, and enhances antenna performance through the complementary properties of solid dielectric and air regions.
2Device complexity
If antenna elements radiate in one side direction to simplify structure, then the structure is simplified, but the directivity and coverage are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the antenna system into multiple independent radiating elements arranged in different spatial layers and orientations. Each antenna element (first antenna element, second antenna element, third antenna element) can contribute to radiation in different directions, collectively achieving omnidirectional or multi-directional coverage while maintaining individual element simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extends the radiation capability from a single side direction to three-dimensional space by distributing antenna elements across multiple vertical layers. This spatial distribution enables the antenna module to radiate effectively in forward, backward, and lateral directions, achieving versatile coverage without complicating individual element design.
3Length of stationary object
If dielectric layers are placed close together to reduce height, then the module height is reduced, but signal loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces air gap layers as intermediary regions between the first dielectric layer and second dielectric layer. These air gaps serve as low-loss transmission media that reduce signal attenuation compared to solid dielectric materials, while still maintaining compact vertical spacing. The air gaps act as mediators that balance the conflicting requirements of compactness and low signal loss.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances antenna gain and efficiency by optimizing the dielectric and air gap arrangement, allowing for wireless communication with multiple peripheral devices in various directions, improving signal directivity and reducing signal loss.
Implementation Method 1
a first dielectric layer disposed spaced apart from one side of the antenna substrate in a first direction in which antenna elements radiate signals; a second dielectric layer disposed spaced apart from the first dielectric layer in the first direction; and an air gap layer disposed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer
Implementation Method 2
a first dielectric layer disposed spaced apart from one side of the antenna substrate
Data Source
AI summary
This electronic device comprises: a main frame disposed along a peripheral region of a display and extending along a side region and a rear region of the electronic device; and an antenna module disposed in an inner space of the main frame and configured to radiate a radio signal in a forward direction or a downward direction of the electronic device through the main frame. The antenna module comprises: a first dielectric layer disposed spaced apart from one side of the antenna substrate in a first direction in which antenna elements radiate signals; a second dielectric layer disposed spaced apart from the first dielectric layer in the first direction; and an air gap layer disposed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.