Multi-Layer Interleaved Codes for Localized Error Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing memory systems face challenges in efficiently correcting errors in codewords due to increased storage density, as they require accessing all codewords to utilize shared parities, leading to substantial resource usage and latency when correcting extra errors.
Innovation Solution
Implementing three-layer generalized integrated interleaved codes, where each layer provides additional error correction capabilities, allowing for localized error correction by using first, second, and third layer parity information to identify and decode subgroups of codewords, reducing the need to access all codewords for error correction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If shared parities are used to correct extra errors in codewords, then error correction capability is improved, but resource usage and latency increase substantially because all codewords must be accessed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the code structure into multiple layers (first layer base codes, second layer integrated interleaved codes, third layer generalized integrated interleaved codes). Each layer provides progressively stronger error correction capability with increasing locality. This segmentation allows the system to correct errors at different levels without always requiring access to all codewords, thereby reducing latency while maintaining strong error correction capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a hierarchical dimension to the error correction structure by organizing codes into multiple layers with different correction capabilities and locality properties. This dimensional organization allows the system to navigate from local corrections (first layer) to regional corrections (second layer) to global corrections (third layer), optimizing the balance between error correction capability and access latency.
2Quantity of substance
If storage density is increased to improve capacity, then storage capacity is improved, but error proneness increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a nested code structure where first layer base codes are nested within second layer integrated interleaved codes, which are in turn nested within third layer generalized integrated interleaved codes. Each nested layer provides an additional level of error protection, allowing the system to maintain high storage density while progressively strengthening error resistance through multiple layers of redundancy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite error correction system by combining multiple types of codes (base codes, integrated interleaved codes, generalized integrated interleaved codes) with different properties into a unified hierarchical structure. This composite approach leverages the strengths of each code type to achieve both high storage capacity and robust error resistance simultaneously.
3Reliability
If all codewords are accessed to correct extra errors, then error correction completeness is improved, but resource usage increases substantially
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing the hierarchical code structure so that errors can be corrected at the most local level possible. The first layer provides local correction for individual codewords, the second layer provides regional correction for groups of codewords, and the third layer provides global correction only when necessary. This localized approach minimizes the scope of data access required for error correction, improving resource efficiency while maintaining correction completeness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements partial action by allowing error correction to be performed at different levels of completeness depending on the error situation. The first and second layers can correct many errors without requiring full third layer processing, enabling partial correction that suffices for many cases and thereby reducing resource usage while maintaining the option for complete correction when needed.
Data Source
AI summary
A data storage system stores a set of codewords in memory. The set of codewords are encoded in accordance with a joint nesting matrix specifying multiple layers of integrated interleaved codes, including first, second and third layers of integrated interleaved codes, and the set of codewords stored in the memory include first, second and third layers of parity information corresponding to the first, second and third layers of integrated interleaved codes. When decoding a first codeword and a first subgroup containing the first codeword fail, the system decodes a group of codewords that include two more subgroups of codewords, including the first subgroup of codewords, using the third layer parity information for the group of codewords. The second and third layers of integrated interleaved codes are configured to enable decoding of two codewords, in a subgroup of codewords, having errors beyond the correction capability of the first layer codes.