Multi-layer security element registration via nested segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for producing multilayer security elements with high security against forgery face challenges in achieving precise registration of complex structures and high resolution, leading to limitations in their effectiveness.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the formation of multilayer bodies with partially formed functional layers in precise register, utilizing relief structures with varying depth-to-width ratios and spatial frequencies, and applying layers through techniques like sputtering, etching, and laser ablation to create optically variable and difficult-to-replicate security features.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If multiple manufacturing steps are used to produce security elements with high security against forgery, then the security level and complexity of structures are improved, but the registration accuracy and positioning precision deteriorate due to cumulative errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity levelVSAvoidregistration accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the security element into multiple independent layers (carrier layer, first functional layer, second functional layer, etc.) that can be manufactured separately and then combined. This segmentation allows each layer to be optimized independently while maintaining overall security, and the layers are joined using adhesive layers that ensure precise registration without cumulative errors from sequential manufacturing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a multi-layer nested structure where functional layers are positioned on top of a carrier layer, with adhesive layers between each. This nested arrangement allows complex security features to be built systematically, with each layer contributing specific security functions while maintaining precise alignment through the adhesive bonding interface

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Manufacturing precision

If the number of process steps is increased to achieve high resolution and precise registration, then the quality of security features is improved, but the manufacturing complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveresolutionVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies adhesive layers to the carrier layer and functional layers in advance, before the final assembly. This preliminary action ensures that when layers are combined, they automatically achieve precise registration without requiring complex real-time alignment procedures during manufacturing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses master templates or masters to create the security features on each layer. These masters contain the precise patterns and structures that are replicated onto the functional layers, ensuring high resolution and consistent registration across multiple production runs without requiring complex manufacturing equipment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Reliability

If relief structures with varying depth-to-width ratios are used to create optical density differences, then the optical security features are improved, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical securityVSAvoiddepth-to-width ratio control
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent varies the depth-to-width ratio of relief structures in different regions of the functional layers to create specific optical density differences. By carefully controlling this geometric parameter, the patent achieves diverse optical effects (such as variable opacity, light scattering, and interference patterns) that enhance security features while using standard manufacturing techniques

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method enables the creation of highly secure multilayer bodies with enhanced optical density differences and transmission properties, making them particularly difficult to reproduce and providing robust security features.

Implementation Method 1

A replication layer is provided which, viewed perpendicular to the plane of the replication layer, has a first area with a first relief structure and a second area with a second relief structure, wherein the relief structures in the first area have a depth-to-width ratio and a spatial frequency, and the relief structures in the second area have a depth-to-width ratio and a spatial frequency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Implementation Method 2

the first layer is applied with a constant surface density based on a plane spanned by the replication layer and the first layer and the relief structures in the first area have an influence on physical properties of the first layer in this area, in particular on an optical density, such that a transmission of the first layer in the first area compared to a transmission of the first layer in the second area is increased

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight transmission through relief structures: Refraction

Implementation Method 3

a first photosensitive lacquer layer is applied to the structured first layer, wherein the first photosensitive lacquer layer is exposed through the structured first layer, such that structuring of the exposed first photosensitive lacquer layer takes place

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotolithography: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 4

either simultaneously or subsequently using the structured first photosensitive lacquer layer as a first mask layer, the first layer in the first area, but not in the second area, is removed and thus structured

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEtching:

Data Source

PatentEP2049345B1Method for producing a multi-layer body, and multi-layer body
Publication Date: 2013.06.19 OVD KINEGRAM AG
  • EP2049345B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2049345B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2049345B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

Various methods are described for producing multi-layer bodies having at least one partially formed functional layer and at least one further partially formed layer, and the multi-layer bodies which are produced in this way are also described. The multi-layer body has at least one partially formed functional layer in register with at least one further partially formed layer which preferably complement one another to form a geometric, alphanumeric, visual, graphic or figurative coloured design.