Multi-Layer Support Surface for Passive Moisture and Heat Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Patients confined to bed for extended periods are at risk of developing decubitus ulcers due to external pressure interrupting blood supply, and moisture and heat exacerbate these ulcers, leading to skin maceration and associated problems.
Innovation Solution
A multi-layer support system that absorbs and disperses moisture, vapor, and heat from the patient interface, utilizing vapor-permeable and impermeable materials to manage air and vapor flow, and can be integrated with various support surfaces to reduce pressure and promote ulcer healing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single-layer support surface is used, then the device complexity is low, but it cannot effectively manage both moisture absorption and vapor transmission simultaneously
Solution Approach 1:
The support system is divided into multiple layers, each with specific functions: a first layer for vapor permeability and a second layer for moisture absorption. This segmentation allows each layer to specialize in one function, achieving effective moisture and vapor management while maintaining reasonable system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The support system uses composite material construction with at least two different layers having distinct properties. The first layer material is selected for vapor permeability while the second layer material is selected for moisture absorption, creating a composite structure that achieves functions neither single material could provide alone.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If moisture and heat are not managed, then the support system is simple, but skin maceration and ulcer formation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-layer support system acts as an intermediary between the patient and the support surface, managing moisture and heat transfer. The first layer serves as a vapor-permeable barrier while the second layer absorbs excess moisture, preventing direct contact between harmful moisture/heat and the skin.
3Reliability
If electrical power is required for moisture management, then moisture control effectiveness increases, but the system becomes less suitable for bedside use and increases cost
Solution Approach 1:
The support system performs moisture management functions passively without requiring external power sources. The vapor-permeable first layer automatically allows vapor transmission based on vapor pressure gradients, while the moisture-absorbing second layer passively absorbs moisture through capillary action and adsorption, making the system self-regulating and suitable for bedside use.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively reduces the risk of decubitus ulcer formation and aids in their healing by managing moisture and heat, while maintaining interface pressures and being cost-effective and suitable for use without electrical power.
Implementation Method 1
a first layer (101) configured to contact a patient and comprising a material that is vapor permeable and liquid impermeable
Implementation Method 2
a second layer (102) positioned between the first layer (101) and the support surface and comprising a material that absorbs moisture
Implementation Method 3
Certain exemplary embodiments provide a surface that absorbs and/or disperses the moisture, vapor, and heat from the patient
Data Source
AI summary
In various embodiments, a support system includes a multi-layer support system with a number of layers. Systems and methods of removing moisture vapor from an environment surrounding patient are disclosed that accomplish such removal without the use of powered air-movers.