Multi-Layer Support Surface for Pressure and Moisture Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Patients confined to bed for extended periods are at risk of developing decubitus ulcers due to pressure that interrupts blood flow, and existing solutions fail to effectively manage moisture and heat, which exacerbate the condition.
Innovation Solution
A multi-layer cover sheet with a vapor-permeable material, a spacer material, and an air mover that facilitates airflow to reduce interface pressure and manage moisture and heat, combined with support surfaces to prevent ulcer formation and promote healing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If a patient is confined to bed for extended periods, then the patient receives continuous support and care, but the risk of decubitus ulcer formation increases due to pressure interrupting blood flow
Solution Approach 1:
The support system employs a dynamically adjustable air mattress that can alter its firmness and pressure distribution in real-time. The air mattress includes multiple independently controllable chambers that can be inflated or deflated to redistribute pressure away from bony prominences, preventing decubitus ulcer formation even during extended bed confinement periods
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes pneumatic air chambers within the mattress structure to provide pressure relief. Compressed air is pumped into and out of the chambers to create alternating pressure zones, ensuring that no single area remains under constant pressure, thereby maintaining blood flow to the patient's skin and underlying tissues
2Temperature
If moisture and heat are present on and around the patient, then the patient's body temperature is maintained, but skin maceration and ulcer exacerbation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The mattress incorporates porous moisture-wicking materials in the top layers that actively draw sweat and moisture away from the patient's skin through capillary action. These porous structures allow vapor transmission while preventing liquid accumulation, keeping the skin dry and preventing maceration while still maintaining thermal comfort
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes phase change materials that absorb excess heat and moisture from the patient's body through evaporation and vaporization. These materials transition from liquid to vapor phase, effectively cooling the patient and removing moisture without requiring active mechanical cooling systems
3Object-affected harmful factors
If a multi-layer cover sheet with air mover is used, then moisture and heat management is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-layer cover sheet is designed as an integrated assembly where each layer serves multiple functions. The vapor-permeable layer provides both moisture management and breathability, the spacer layer provides both structural support and air circulation channels, and the air mover serves both cooling and moisture evaporation functions. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, managing complexity through functional integration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the risk of decubitus ulcer formation by managing moisture and heat, lowering interface pressure, and promoting a healthier skin environment, thereby aiding in the prevention and healing of ulcers.
Implementation Method 1
a first layer (502) formed of a vapor permeable material
Implementation Method 2
an air mover (540) configured to pull air through the spacer material and toward the air mover
Implementation Method 3
Certain described arrangements provide a surface that absorbs and/or disperses the moisture, vapor, and heat from the patient
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 2A~3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
In various embodiments, a support system includes a multi-layer cover sheet with a number of layers. In certain embodiments, a source to move air inside and outside the multi-layer cover sheet can be provided. The source can include a source of positive pressure or negative pressure.