Multilayered Enteric Hard Capsule Shell Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for creating enteric hard capsules are complex, prone to defects due to excessive coating, and difficult to apply to heat-sensitive contents, with the burden of complexity falling on the manufacturer filling the content rather than the hard capsule manufacturer.

Innovation Solution

A multilayered enteric hard capsule design featuring a first layer with no enteric properties and a second layer with enteric properties, where the second layer is formed using an enteric polymer and shell-forming aids, allowing for improved acid resistance and reduced complexity in the manufacturing process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If spray coating method is used to create enteric hard capsules, then enteric properties are achieved, but the manufacturing process becomes complex and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenteric propertiesVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The enteric polymer is incorporated into the capsule shell formulation during the initial shell formation process, rather than applying it as a separate coating step afterward. This preliminary incorporation of the enteric layer into the shell manufacturing process eliminates the need for separate spray coating equipment and operations, thereby reducing manufacturing complexity while maintaining enteric properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The shell formation process and enteric coating process are merged into a single integrated manufacturing step. By combining these two previously separate processes into one, the invention reduces the number of manufacturing stages, simplifies the overall process, and eliminates the need for separate spray coating equipment while ensuring uniform enteric properties throughout the capsule shell

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Manufacturing precision

If spray coating is performed for extended periods to ensure uniform enteric shell formation, then uniformity is improved, but productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuniformity of enteric shellVSAvoidmanufacturing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The enteric polymer is pre-mixed into the shell formulation before capsule formation, ensuring uniform distribution throughout the shell material. This preliminary uniform mixing eliminates the need for prolonged spray coating to achieve uniformity, as the enteric properties are inherently uniform from the start, thereby significantly improving manufacturing speed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the fundamental parameter of how the enteric polymer is introduced - from a post-formed coating application to a pre-formed integral component. This parameter change allows the enteric shell to form uniformly during the standard capsule manufacturing cycle without requiring extended coating times, thus maintaining precision while boosting productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If enteric coating is applied after filling content into capsules, then enteric properties are achieved, but the filled capsules may adhere due to excessive coating solution

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenteric propertiesVSAvoidproduct defect rate
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The enteric shell is formed as an integral part of the capsule shell before the filling operation. By establishing the enteric layer during shell manufacturing rather than as a post-fill coating, the invention eliminates the risk of excessive coating solution causing capsule adhesion, while still ensuring complete enteric coverage of the filled capsule

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The capsule manufacturing process is segmented into distinct stages: shell formation with integrated enteric layer, then filling operation. This segmentation separates the enteric shell creation from the filling process, eliminating the problem of coating solution contact with filled capsules while maintaining the enteric functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Ease of manufacture

If conventional polymers like gelatin are used as main component, then shell-forming ability is improved, but acid resistance is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshell-forming abilityVSAvoidacid resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The capsule shell uses a composite formulation combining conventional shell-forming polymers (such as gelatin or HPMC) with enteric polymers (such as Eudragit or cellulose acetate phthalate). This composite structure leverages the excellent shell-forming properties of conventional polymers while the integrated enteric polymer component provides the necessary acid resistance, achieving both manufacturing ease and protective functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The shell formulation creates different functional zones: the conventional polymer provides the structural shell-forming matrix, while the enteric polymer creates a protective functional layer within the same shell structure. This local differentiation of material properties allows the shell to simultaneously exhibit good formability and acid resistance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The multilayered design enhances acid resistance, reduces the risk of defective products, and simplifies the manufacturing process, allowing for the use of conventional capsule filling machines and improved stability of the enteric properties.

Implementation Method 1

the formulations are required to have such a level of acid-resistance that they are not substantially dissolved for two hours at 37°C in an acidic environment (pH about 1.2, diluted hydrochloric acid solution)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcid resistance:

Implementation Method 2

the formulation has a characteristic of being easily dissolved after being transferred into the intestine

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectpH-dependent dissolution:

Implementation Method 3

a method in which the hard capsule filled with a content is spray-coated with an enteric polymer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP4559458A1Multilayered enteric rigid capsule
Publication Date: 2025.05.28 QUALICAPS CO LTD
  • EP4559458A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4559458A1 patent drawingFigure 2(A)~2(C)
  • EP4559458A1 patent drawingFigure 3(A)~3(B)

AI summary

A multilayered enteric hard capsule consisting of a first layer having no enteric properties and a second layer of a hard capsule having enteric properties is provided. The multilayered enteric hard capsule comprising a cap portion and a body portion, the cap portion and the body portion each consisting of a capsule shell comprising at least a first layer and a second layer in whole or in part, wherein the first layer contains a water-soluble base, the second layer contains an enteric polymer, and the second layer coats an outside of the first layer in whole or in part.