Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Multilocus SNP Markers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current breast cancer diagnosis methods, particularly for individuals under 41 or over 54, lack effective early detection capabilities using molecular biological techniques, and there is a lack of methods employing multilocus markers associated with breast cancer.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the isolation of nucleic acid from individuals to determine specific polymorphic sequences and multilocus markers using microarrays and diagnostic kits, specifically targeting breast cancer-specific polymorphic sequences and markers to diagnose breast cancer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If molecular biological techniques are used for breast cancer diagnosis, then diagnostic capability is improved, but early detection capability for individuals under 41 or over 54 remains insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the diagnostic approach by age groups (under 41, 41-54, over 54) and applies different SNP marker strategies for each group. For younger and older individuals, it uses specific multilocus markers tailored to their age-related breast cancer risk profiles, thereby improving early detection precision within each segment while maintaining overall diagnostic reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite diagnostic markers by combining multiple SNP markers into multilocus marker sets. This composite approach integrates information from several genetic loci to create a more precise diagnostic tool for early detection in specific age groups, overcoming the limitations of single-marker molecular techniques.
2Adaptability or versatility
If individual SNP markers are used for breast cancer detection, then diagnostic method availability is improved, but detection accuracy through multilocus markers remains undeveloped
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges individual SNP markers into multilocus marker combinations, where multiple genetic markers are analyzed together to improve detection accuracy. This combining approach maintains the versatility of multiple diagnostic options while enhancing precision through the synergistic information from multiple loci.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates universal multilocus marker panels that can be applied across different age groups and populations. These multi-functional marker sets serve both as broad screening tools and as precise diagnostic instruments, adapting to different clinical scenarios while maintaining high detection accuracy.
3Adaptability or versatility
If conventional diagnostic methods (X-ray, ultrasonic) are used, then diagnostic coverage is improved, but molecular-level early diagnosis capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces SNP markers as intermediary molecular indicators that bridge the gap between conventional imaging diagnostics and molecular-level disease mechanisms. These genetic markers serve as mediators that provide early molecular evidence of breast cancer risk before structural changes detectable by X-ray or ultrasonic methods become apparent.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables preliminary molecular diagnosis by detecting SNP marker patterns that indicate breast cancer susceptibility before clinical symptoms or structural abnormalities appear. This preliminary genetic assessment occurs at the molecular level prior to the stage where conventional imaging methods can detect changes, thereby establishing early risk identification.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of diagnosing breast cancer in an individual aged younger than 41 or older than 54 is provided. The method comprises obtaining a nucleic acid from the individual and determining a nucleotide at a polymorphic site of the nucleic acid. Polynucleotides specific to breast cancer, a microarray comprising the polynucleotides, and diagnostic kits are also provided.