Multimetallic Silicate Bioceramics for Dental Tissue Regeneration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bioceramic compositions used in dentistry lack adequate bioactivity and physicochemical properties, making them unsuitable for restorative and root sealing applications, particularly in situations requiring material flow and long-term stability, such as endodontic fillings or root regeneration.
Innovation Solution
Development of bioceramic compositions comprising multiparticulate crystalline multimetallic silicates, such as Strontium-akermanite, Akermanite, Baghdadite, and Hardystonite, which release metallic ions like Ca2+, Mg2+, Zr4+, and Sr2+, promoting bioactivity and tissue regeneration by forming a silica-rich layer and maintaining mechanical strength.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If calcium hydroxide or glass ionomer cements are used as restorative materials, then the materials can be applied for tooth restoration, but their bioactivity is extremely low and they are aggressive to the pulp
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials by combining calcium silicate particles with glass ionomer cement matrix. This composite structure allows the material to exhibit both the mechanical properties of glass ionomer and the high bioactivity of calcium silicate, while the alkaline activation process enhances the formation of calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate hydrate phases that promote pulp healing and reduce aggression.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes through alkaline activation (using NaOH or KOH) to modify the chemical composition and structure of the calcium silicate-based glass. This activation process transforms the material into a highly bioactive state with enhanced ability to form apatite layers and stimulate pulp regeneration, while controlling the release of ions to reduce pulp aggression.
2Reliability
If bioactive glass is used to promote tissue regeneration, then bioactivity is enhanced, but mechanical strength and handling properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite material system where calcium silicate particles (providing high bioactivity) are embedded in a glass ionomer cement matrix (providing mechanical strength and handling properties). The alkaline activation process further enhances the composite structure by forming additional calcium silicate hydrate gel that acts as a binding phase, simultaneously improving both bioactivity and mechanical properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating different phases with specific functions: the calcium silicate particles provide localized high bioactivity at the tissue interface, while the glass ionomer matrix provides structural support and mechanical strength in the bulk material. The alkaline activation creates a gradient of calcium silicate hydrate formation from the particle surfaces outward.
3Ease of operation
If material flow is required for complete filling in endodontic applications, then ease of operation is improved, but long-term stability and mechanical strength worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses parameter changes by controlling the viscosity and flow characteristics of the paste through alkaline activation. The activated calcium silicate-based glass forms a workable paste with appropriate flow properties for complete filling of root canals, while the subsequent setting reaction and formation of calcium silicate hydrate gel provide long-term structural stability and mechanical strength.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The bioceramic compositions exhibit enhanced bioactivity, improved mechanical properties, and radiopacity, enabling effective tissue regeneration and repair, while maintaining physiologically acceptable dissolution rates and pH levels, thus addressing the limitations of existing materials.
Implementation Method 1
compositions comprising multiparticulate crystalline multimetallic silicates... which release metallic ions like Ca2+, Mg2+, Zr4+, and Sr2+
Implementation Method 2
maintaining mechanical strength... exhibit enhanced bioactivity... while maintaining physiologically acceptable dissolution rates
Implementation Method 3
Bioactive materials are materials capable of forming a chemical bond with living tissues... forming a silica-rich layer
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure provides bioceramic compositions of multiparticulate crystalline multimetallic silicates having silica double tetrahedra structures, such as Strontium-akermanite (Sr2MgSi2O7), Akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), Baghdadite (Ca3ZrSi2O9), Hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7), as sources for controlled release of multiple metallic ions, such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Zr4+, Sr2+, Zn2+ for medical and dental use. This disclosure also includes medical and dental uses of the disclosed compositions, for example, in tissue regeneration, including bone tissue.