Multimodal Ocular Biometric System for Accuracy and Spoofing Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional ocular biometric systems using single modalities, such as iris or retina, face issues like high fail-to-acquire rates, susceptibility to occlusions, lighting problems, and spoofing, and are limited by focus and alignment issues, while also being affected by eyeglasses and contact lenses.
Innovation Solution
A multimodal ocular biometric system that captures and processes images of both the iris and retina from one or both eyes, utilizing a combination of iris and retina imaging systems with advanced illumination and image processing techniques to improve accuracy and robustness, and reduce spoofing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional single-modal iris or retina imaging systems are used, then the system structure is simple, but the biometric identification accuracy and robustness are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines iris imaging and retina imaging systems into a single integrated device, merging two separate biometric modalities to work together. This allows simultaneous capture of both iris and retina images through coordinated illumination sources and image sensors, achieving enhanced biometric identification accuracy while managing system complexity through unified control architecture
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging device is designed with multi-functionality to perform both iris imaging and retina imaging operations. The system can selectively activate different illumination sources (iris illumination for iris imaging, retina illumination for retina imaging) and corresponding image sensors to execute different biometric capture functions within a single device platform
2Reliability
If conventional single-eye imaging is used, then the device complexity is low, but the fail-to-acquire rate is high due to occlusions and alignment issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from single-eye imaging to dual-eye imaging, adding another dimension of data capture. By imaging both eyes simultaneously or sequentially, the system obtains redundant biometric information that compensates for failures in one eye due to occlusions, lighting issues, or alignment problems, thereby reducing the overall fail-to-acquire rate
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs parameter changes by switching between different illumination sources (iris illumination vs. retina illumination) and adjusting image sensor settings based on which modality is being captured. This dynamic parameter adjustment optimizes image quality for each specific imaging task while managing system complexity through coordinated control
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional iris-only imaging is used, then the system is simpler to operate, but it is susceptible to spoofing and contact lens interference
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary verification by capturing both iris and retina images before making biometric identification decisions. The retina image serves as a preliminary check that is difficult to spoof, as retinal patterns are internal and cannot be replicated by external contact lenses or contact lens simulations. This preliminary action enhances security while maintaining operational simplicity through automated multi-modal verification
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves higher accuracy and robustness in biometric identification with lower fail-to-acquire rates and reduced susceptibility to spoofing by combining iris and retina data, and enhances search efficiency by using geometric relationships between iris and retina features.
Implementation Method 1
an iris image sensor configured to capture an image of the iris when the iris reflects the iris photons, and a retina image sensor configured to capture an image of the retina when the retina reflects the retina photons
Data Source
AI summary
A multimodal biometric identification system captures and processes images of both the iris and the retina for biometric identification. Another multimodal ocular system captures and processes images of the iris and/or the from both eyes of a subject. Biometrics based on data provided by these systems are more accurate and robust than using biometrics that include data from only the iris or only the retina from a single eye. An exemplary embodiment emits photons to the iris and the retina of both eyes, an iris image sensor that captures an image of the iris when the iris reflects the emitted light, a retina image sensor that captures an image of the retina when the retina reflects the emitted light, and a controller that controls the iris and the retina illumination sources, where the captured image of the iris and the captured image of the retina contain biometric data.