Multi-mode Antenna Integrating CDMA and MIMO Elements
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge is to reduce the number of physical antennas at base stations while supporting multiple mobile communication systems, such as CDMA and LTE MIMO, due to the large frequency gap between 2G and 4G systems, which makes it difficult to use wide frequency antennas effectively and limits roof space for additional antennas.
Innovation Solution
A multi-mode antenna design that integrates CDMA dual-polarized and MIMO dual-polarized antennas using nested antenna radiation elements and vertical separation technology, allowing for a 2*2 diversity system in CDMA and a 4*4 MIMO configuration in LTE, reducing the number of physical antennas needed and maintaining consistent downtilt angles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple separate antennas are deployed to support both CDMA and LTE MIMO systems, then system compatibility and performance are improved, but the number of physical antennas and roof space requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines CDMA dual-polarized antenna and MIMO dual-polarized antennas into a single integrated antenna structure. The antenna integrates multiple radiation elements including first and second MIMO dual-polarized antennas and a CDMA dual-polarized antenna, allowing one physical antenna to support multiple communication systems simultaneously, thereby reducing the total number of antennas required at the base station
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated antenna is designed to perform multiple functions by supporting both CDMA diversity systems and LTE MIMO systems with 4x4 configuration. The antenna structure includes multiple polarization directions and frequency bands, enabling a single antenna to replace what would traditionally require multiple separate antennas for different communication standards
2Quantity of substance
If wide frequency antenna is used to cover both 2G and 4G frequency bands, then the number of antennas is reduced, but antenna performance and efficiency deteriorate due to the huge frequency gap
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a single wide-frequency antenna, the patent segments the antenna into multiple narrow-band specialized antennas integrated together. Each radiation element is optimized for specific frequency bands (2G and 4G), with dedicated CDMA and MIMO antenna elements that maintain optimal performance in their respective frequency ranges while being physically integrated into one antenna structure
3Adaptability or versatility
If more antennas are added to support LTE MIMO and existing 2G/3G systems, then network service capability is improved, but roof space availability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna functions into a single physical antenna structure that supports CDMA dual-polarized, MIMO dual-polarized, and multiple frequency bands. This integration allows the base station to maintain enhanced network service capability with 4x4 MIMO and diversity support while requiring significantly less roof space compared to deploying multiple separate antennas for each function
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
Disclosed are a multi-mode antenna and base station, the multi-mode antenna comprising a CDMA dual-polarized antenna consisting of a plurality of linearly arranged oscillators and used for receiving and transmitting a radio frequency signal in a CDMA system, and two MIMO dual-polarized antennas both consisting of a plurality of linearly arranged oscillators and used for receiving and transmitting the radio frequency signal in an LTE system; the two MIMO dual-polarized antennas are vertically disposed immediately above and below the central oscillator of the CDMA dual-polarized antenna respectively; and the oscillators in the two MIMO dual-polarized antennas are nested in the oscillators of the CDMA dual-polarized antenna or inserted between the oscillators of the CDMA dual-polarized antenna according to the distance between the oscillators of the CDMA dual-polarized antenna and the distance between the oscillators of each MIMO dual-polarized antenna. The present invention combines the technologies of nesting antenna oscillators and vertical isolation of MIMO antennas so as to integrate a CDMA dual-polarized antenna and two MIMO dual-polarized antennas into one physical antenna.