Multimode Optical Fiber With Depressed-Index Cladding

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Solution Overview

Problem

High dispersion and attenuation in multimode optical fibers at 850 nm limit the maximum system length and performance, especially at data modulation rates above 25 GHz, making them unsuitable for high-performance computing and data center applications that require longer interconnections with lower electrical power consumption.

Innovation Solution

Development of a multimode optical fiber with a graded index glass core and a cladding structure featuring a depressed-index annular portion, optimized for the 1310 nm and 1550 nm wavelength windows, which reduces dispersion and attenuation, enabling transmission of multiple signals at 25 GHz or higher over distances of up to 500 meters.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If multimode optical fiber operates at 850 nm wavelength, then VCSEL laser sources can be used with relaxed alignment tolerances, but fiber dispersion and attenuation are high which limits maximum system length

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment toleranceVSAvoidmaximum system length
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operating wavelength parameter from 850 nm to 1310 nm or 1550 nm windows, which fundamentally alters the fiber's dispersion and attenuation characteristics. This parameter change enables long-distance transmission while maintaining compatibility with multimode fiber structures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a dynamic graded index profile in the core with variable alpha values (1.8 < α ≤ 3.0) that can be optimized for different wavelength operations. This dynamic indexing allows the fiber to adapt its modal dispersion characteristics for optimal performance at different wavelengths and data rates

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If data modulation rate is increased to 25 GHz and higher, then bandwidth is improved, but dispersive broadening of optical signals results in large impairments

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata modulation rateVSAvoidsignal integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the graded index alpha parameter to specific ranges (1.8 < α ≤ 3.0) that minimize modal dispersion at high data rates. This parameter optimization reduces signal broadening effects even at 25 GHz and higher modulation rates, maintaining signal integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a simplified index profile structure that replicates the ideal dispersion characteristics needed for high-speed transmission. The depressed-index annular portion acts as a virtual barrier that copies the beneficial effects of single-mode operation while maintaining multimode fiber's large core advantages

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Ease of operation

If core diameter is increased to provide relaxed alignment tolerances, then ease of connection is improved, but modal dispersion increases which limits bandwidth

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment toleranceVSAvoidbandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality variation through the depressed-index annular portion surrounding the core. This localized index modification creates different propagation conditions for different modes, reducing modal dispersion effects while maintaining the large core diameter benefits for alignment tolerance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite index structure combining the core region with the depressed-index annular portion. This composite structure effectively separates the functions of large core diameter (alignment tolerance) from modal dispersion control, achieving both goals simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fiber achieves significantly lower dispersion and attenuation in the 1310 nm and 1550 nm windows, allowing for efficient transmission of multiple signals at high data rates with reduced electrical power consumption, thereby addressing the limitations of conventional systems operating at 850 nm.

Implementation Method 1

a graded index having an alpha profile wherein 1.95 ≤ α ≤ 2.04 and a maximum relative refractive index in the range between 0.6 % and 1.8 %

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 2

The cladding includes a depressed-index annular portion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP2856225B1Multimode optical fiber and system comprising such fiber
Publication Date: 2021.04.14 CORNING INC
  • EP2856225B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2856225B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2856225B1 patent drawingFigure 3~3A

AI summary

One exemplary multimode optical fiber includes a graded index glass core having a diameter in the range of 41 microns to 80 microns, a graded index having an alpha less than 2.04 and a maximum relative refractive index in the range between 0.6% and 1.8%. The cladding includes a depressed-index annular portion. The fiber has an overfilled bandwidth greater than 2.5 GHz-km at at least one wavelength between 1200 nm and 1700 nm.