Multinary Solid Solution Catalyst for CO Poisoning Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Palladium fine particles used in catalysts are prone to degradation due to CO poisoning, and existing solid solutions of palladium and ruthenium are thermally unstable, limiting their durability in high-temperature applications.
Innovation Solution
A multinary solid solution fine particle composition containing Pd, Ru, and additional elements like Rh, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, or Ir, which maintains catalytic properties and stability at high temperatures by forming a stable solid solution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If Pd and Ru are combined to form a solid solution to reduce CO poisoning, then catalytic activity against CO poisoning is improved, but thermal stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines Pd, Ru, and a third metal element (Rh, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, or Ir) to form a ternary composite solid solution material. This composite structure leverages the CO oxidation capability of Ru while the third metal element stabilizes the solid solution phase at high temperatures, preventing phase separation and maintaining catalytic performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the compositional parameters of the ternary solid solution, specifically controlling the ratios of Pd, Ru, and the third metal element within defined ranges. By adjusting these compositional parameters, the material achieves both high CO poisoning resistance and thermal stability, resolving the contradiction between catalytic activity and thermal stability.
2Productivity
If Pd fine particles are used for catalysis, then catalytic activity is achieved, but degradation due to CO poisoning occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The third metal element (Rh, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, or Ir) acts as an intermediary that modifies the interaction between Pd and CO. This intermediary element facilitates CO oxidation through Ru while protecting Pd from direct CO poisoning, thereby maintaining catalytic activity and improving durability simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
By creating a ternary composite solid solution rather than using pure Pd or binary Pd-Ru alloys, the invention achieves synergistic effects where the third metal element enhances both the CO poisoning resistance and thermal stability while maintaining catalytic productivity.
3Reliability
If binary solid solutions of Pd-Ru or Rh-Ag are formed, then catalytic properties are achieved, but thermal instability causes durability concerns
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from binary solid solutions to ternary composite solid solutions by adding a third metal element. This third element serves as a thermal stabilizer that prevents phase separation at high temperatures while maintaining the catalytic properties provided by the Pd-Ru or Rh-Ag pairs.
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the compositional parameters from binary to ternary systems and optimizing the ratios within defined ranges, the patent achieves a stable solid solution phase that maintains both catalytic properties and thermal stability, eliminating the durability concerns of binary alloys.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multinary solid solution fine particles exhibit improved heat resistance and durability, preventing degradation in high-temperature reactions and extending catalyst lifespan.
Implementation Method 1
a multinary solid solution fine particle containing Pd and Ru, and further containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of Rh, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au and Ir
Implementation Method 2
Ruthenium, one of the platinum group metals, is durable against CO poisoning because of its catalytic activity to oxidize CO to CO2 (carbon dioxide)
Implementation Method 3
its catalytic activity to oxidize CO to CO2 (carbon dioxide)
Data Source
AI summary
This invention provides a multinary solid solution fine particle represented by PdxRuyMz (M is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Rh, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au and Ir. x+y+z=1, x+y=0.01 to 0.99, z=0.99 to 0.01, x:y=0.1:0.9 to 0.9:0.1), a method for producing the same, and a supported catalyst.