Multipart Fluid System for Citrate Anticoagulation in Dialysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current citrate anticoagulation systems for dialysis therapies face challenges in maintaining acid-base balance and allowing for varying flow rates without causing imbalances, particularly due to high citrate concentrations requiring adjustments in bicarbonate levels in treatment fluids.
Innovation Solution
A multipart fluid system for citrate anticoagulation that balances citrate and bicarbonate concentrations between fluids, allowing for wide intervals of flow rate variations without acid-base imbalance, comprising an anticoagulation fluid with 15-40 mM citrate and treatment fluids with 1.5-8 mM citrate and ≥10 mM bicarbonate.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If high citrate concentration (15-40 mM) is used in anticoagulation fluid, then anticoagulation effect is improved, but acid-base balance deteriorates due to citrate metabolism producing bicarbonate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling citrate concentration in anticoagulation fluid (15-40 mM) and treatment fluids (1.5-8 mM), and adjusting bicarbonate concentration in treatment fluids (≥10 mM) to compensate for citrate metabolism. This balanced parameter adjustment maintains both anticoagulation efficacy and acid-base homeostasis during dialysis therapy.
2Reliability
If citrate concentration is increased in anticoagulation fluid, then circuit patency is improved, but treatment fluid composition complexity increases due to required bicarbonate adjustments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the fluid system into distinct components: anticoagulation fluid containing citrate (15-40 mM) and treatment fluids containing both citrate (1.5-8 mM) and bicarbonate (≥10 mM). This segmentation allows independent optimization of each fluid's composition while maintaining overall system balance, simplifying the management of complex requirements.
3Adaptability or versatility
If flow rates are varied during dialysis therapy, then treatment flexibility is improved, but acid-base balance control becomes difficult when citrate anticoagulation is used
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where bicarbonate is added to treatment fluids based on the citrate concentration in anticoagulation fluid. This feedback loop compensates for variations in citrate metabolism at different flow rates, maintaining acid-base balance control even when flow rates are adjusted for treatment flexibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system maintains acid-base balance throughout dialysis therapy and enables flexible flow rate adjustments without causing acid-base imbalances, improving the management of citrate anticoagulation in both acute and chronic dialysis therapies.
Implementation Method 1
the waste substances and excess fluid are transferred by diffusion through the semipermeable membrane wall into a dialysis fluid flowing on the dialysate side of the semipermeable membrane
Implementation Method 2
a portion of the plasma liquid is removed from the blood by means of convective flow through the semipermeable membrane
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention concerns a multipart fluid system for dialysis therapy, wherein the multipart fluid system comprises an anticoagulation fluid and at least one treatment fluid from the group consisting of dialysis fluid and infusion fluids. According to the invention the anticoagulation fluid comprises 15-40 mM citrate; and the at least one treatment fluid comprises 1.5-8 mM citrate and ≥10 mM bicarbonate. The present invention further concerns a system for citrate anticoagulation in an extracorporeal blood circuit.