Multi-Party Homomorphic Encryption for Joint Ciphertext Computing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Homomorphic encryption systems are limited in their ability to perform joint calculations on ciphertext data encrypted with different keys, restricting their use scenarios.
Innovation Solution
A method is introduced to generate a multi-party homomorphic encryption mechanism where data providing ends share encryption and evaluation public keys, enabling joint encryption and decryption of data using private key fragments, ensuring data security and preventing information leakage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If homomorphic encryption is used to calculate on encrypted ciphertext data, then data security is protected, but the system only supports calculation on ciphertext encrypted by one key, limiting use scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the encryption system into multiple independent key pairs, where each data providing end generates their own encryption key pair. This allows each party to encrypt data with their own public key, and the system to perform homomorphic operations on ciphertexts encrypted with different keys, thereby expanding versatility while maintaining security through segmented key management
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a data using end as an intermediary that collects ciphertexts from multiple data providing ends, performs homomorphic operations on these ciphertexts, and returns results to the providing ends. This intermediary enables joint calculation on multi-key ciphertexts without requiring the providing ends to share private keys, thus expanding adaptability while preserving security
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple data providing ends share encryption keys for joint calculation, then adaptability is improved, but data security and information leakage prevention are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
Each data providing end maintains their own independent encryption key pair rather than sharing a common key. The system segments the cryptographic infrastructure so that each party's private key remains isolated and secure, while their public keys are shared to enable multi-party homomorphic operations, thus achieving both adaptability and security
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses public key cryptography where public keys (which are essentially secure copies) are shared among multiple parties for encryption and homomorphic operations, while the actual private keys remain private. This allows joint calculation capability through public key sharing without compromising data security, as public keys cannot be used to derive private keys or decrypt data
Data Source
AI summary
A method of data transmission is provided. The method includes: generating an encryption public key and an evaluation public key by interacting with other data providing ends; generating ciphertext data by encrypting local data with the encryption public key, and sending the ciphertext data to a data using end; receiving a ciphertext calculation result sent by the data using end, in which the ciphertext calculation result is determined by the data using end based on the evaluation public key and the ciphertext data received; and acquiring plaintext data by decrypting the ciphertext calculation result with a private key fragment of the data providing end.