Multiphase Clock Recovery Using Programmable Delays for C-PHY Skew

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current clock generation circuits in multi-wire, multi-phase data communication links, such as the C-PHY interface, face limitations in speed and reliability due to variations in signal transition times and timing skews, which affect the ability to accurately recover clock information and maintain high data transfer rates.

Innovation Solution

A clock recovery circuit is adapted to detect transitions in some symbol intervals and suppress detection in others, using programmable delays to generate interpolated pulses, allowing for clock signals with frequencies that are fractions of the symbol transmission frequency, and incorporating a delay-locked loop to ensure reliable symbol capture, thereby improving clock recovery accuracy and data transfer efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If delay circuits are employed to ensure stable signaling states before sampling, then reliability of clock recovery is improved, but transmission rate is limited by the delay values

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclock recovery reliabilityVSAvoidtransmission rate
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic delay adjustment mechanism where the delay value is not fixed but can be programmed and adjusted based on operating conditions. The delay circuit includes programmable delay elements that allow the sampling timing to be optimized for different transmission rates while maintaining reliable clock recovery. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction by enabling the system to achieve both reliability and high transmission rate through configurable delay values.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If maximum time variation related to signal transitions is reduced, then clock recovery accuracy is improved, but the ability to function at higher signaling frequencies is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclock recovery accuracyVSAvoidsignaling frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameter of delay value to optimize performance at different signaling frequencies. By making the delay programmable and adjustable, the system can adapt to higher frequencies by reducing the delay value appropriately, thus maintaining clock recovery accuracy while enabling operation at higher signaling frequencies. This parameter adjustment resolves the contradiction between accuracy and speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Stability of the object's composition

If delay values are increased to accommodate timing skews, then all conductors assume stable states before sampling, but the transmission rate is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal stabilityVSAvoidtransmission rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic adjustment of delay values to accommodate timing skews without limiting transmission rate. The programmable delay circuit allows the system to use larger delays only when needed for stability, and reduce delays when high transmission rates are required. This dynamic behavior resolves the contradiction by enabling the system to achieve both signal stability and high transmission rate through adaptive delay configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3345334B1Multiphase clock data recovery for a 3-phase interface
Publication Date: 2019.11.20 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3345334B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3345334B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3345334B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods, apparatus, and systems for data communication over a multi-wire, multi-phase interface are disclosed. A method of data communication includes configuring a clock recovery circuit to provide a first clock signal that includes a pulse for each symbol transmitted on the interface, where symbols are transmitted on the interface at a first frequency, adjusting a loop delay of the clock recovery circuit to modify the first clock to have a second frequency that is no more that half the first frequency, where the clock recovery circuit generates a pulse in the first clock signal for a first of an integer number of symbols and suppresses pulse generation for other symbols in the integer number of symbols, configuring a clock generation circuit to provide a second clock signal, and capturing symbols from the interface using the first clock signal and the second clock signal.