Multiphase Crosslinker Coatings for Low-VOC Deep Base Paints
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Solution Overview
Problem
Low VOC, low PVC, and deep base coatings exhibit tackiness and poor block and print resistance due to the presence of soft polymers and large amounts of waterborne colorants, leading to a soft and tacky surface.
Innovation Solution
The use of multiphase polymer particles comprising a combination of crosslinking monomers, including multifunctional acrylate, unsaturated alkoxysilane, unsaturated keto monomers, and polyfunctional amine, which form a film at low VOC, improving hardness, print resistance, and block resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If soft polymers and large amounts of waterborne colorants are used to achieve deep base low VOC coatings, then good film formation at low VOC is improved, but surface tackiness increases and block resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the polymer by incorporating crosslinking monomers (unsaturated keto monomers, polyfunctional amines, unsaturated silane monomers) to form crosslinked structures. This chemical modification allows the coating to achieve adequate hardness and block resistance even with low PVC and low VOC formulations, resolving the contradiction between low VOC and poor block resistance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite polymer system combining multiple components: base polymer, crosslinking monomers, polyfunctional amines, and unsaturated silane monomers. This composite approach enables the coating to simultaneously achieve low VOC, deep base color, and improved block resistance through the synergistic effects of crosslinked networks and silane modifications
2Quantity of substance
If soft polymers are used to achieve good film formation at low VOC, then film formation is improved, but surface hardness decreases and tackiness increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the polymer's physical and chemical parameters by introducing crosslinking agents and polyfunctional amines that create three-dimensional crosslinked networks. This increases the polymer's molecular weight and intermolecular forces, thereby improving surface hardness while maintaining low VOC content
Solution Approach 2:
The unsaturated silane monomer acts as an intermediary that bridges the base polymer and crosslinking agents, forming silane crosslinked networks that enhance surface hardness. The silane groups provide additional crosslinking points that strengthen the polymer matrix without requiring high VOC levels
3Quantity of substance
If low PVC formulations are used to reduce filler content, then coating softness increases, but print resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure of the binder by incorporating crosslinking monomers and polyfunctional amines that create densely crosslinked networks. This increases the binder's cohesive strength and surface energy, enabling low PVC formulations to achieve adequate print resistance despite reduced filler content
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite binder system combining crosslinked polymer networks with silane modifications. This composite structure provides enhanced surface properties that compensate for low PVC, allowing the coating to achieve good print resistance through the synergistic effects of crosslinking and silane chemistry
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multiphase polymer particles reduce tackiness and enhance print and block resistance in deep base coatings, achieving lower minimum film-forming temperatures and maintaining hardness even at low VOC levels.
Implementation Method 1
multiphase polymer particles comprising a combination of crosslinking monomers and polyfunctional amine which form a film
Implementation Method 2
an unsaturated alkoxysilane such as vinyltriethoxysilane
Implementation Method 3
unsaturated alkoxysilane and unsaturated keto monomer which react with the polyfunctional amine
Implementation Method 4
The polymer particles are synthesized in multiple phases differing in Tg
Data Source
AI summary
Multiphase polymers comprising crosslinking monomers and polyfunctional amine are disclosed. The multiphase polymer comprises a first phase polymer having a Tg from 60° C. to 240° C., a second phase polymer having a Tg from 40° C. to 240° C., and a soft phase polymer having a Tg from −25° C. to 30° C. The crosslinking monomers include a triacrylate such as trimethylol propane triacrylate, an unsaturated alkoxysilane, and an unsaturated keto monomer reactive with the polyfunctional amine. In contrast to conventional knowledge, incorporation of trimethylolpropane triacrylate reduces the minimum film forming temperature of multiphase polymers. This unusual reduction in MFFT helps to reduce the VOC requirement to form a good film at low VOC. The other crosslinking monomers including unsaturated alkoxy silane and unsaturated keto monomer which react with the polyfunctional amine improve print resistance, block resistance and lower the tackiness of paint films. The multiphase polymer is particularly suitable for use in deep base paints.