Multiphase DC-DC Converter Current Balancing Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Multiphase DC-DC converters face challenges in noise performance and sensitivity when processing high currents due to component deviations, leading to current concentration in individual converters.

Innovation Solution

A control unit is implemented for multiphase DC-DC converters that includes current sensing, averaging, and triangular wave generation to balance output currents across multiple converters connected in parallel, reducing power consumption and preventing current concentration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If multiple DC-DC converters are connected in parallel to process high current, then the current processing capability is improved, but current concentration occurs due to component deviation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent processing capabilityVSAvoidcurrent distribution balance
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control mechanism where the control unit continuously monitors the output currents of individual converters and adjusts their operating parameters accordingly. The control unit receives current information from each converter and modifies the duty cycle or switching frequency to balance the current distribution, preventing current concentration on any single converter while maintaining high total current processing capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs dynamic parameter adjustment where the operating parameters (such as duty cycle, switching frequency) of each converter are continuously varied based on real-time current measurements. This dynamic control allows the system to adapt to component deviations and maintain balanced current distribution across all parallel converters, rather than using fixed parameters that would lead to current concentration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If conventional current sensing is used in high-current DC-DC converters, then current detection is achieved, but noise performance and sensitivity are degraded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent detection accuracyVSAvoidnoise performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the current sensing function into multiple parallel sensing paths, each handling a portion of the total current. By segmenting the sensing task across multiple channels and then combining the signals through averaging, the system achieves high current measurement capability while maintaining low noise performance and high sensitivity, as each individual sensing channel operates at lower current levels with better signal-to-noise ratio.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple current sensing signals through an averaging operation to produce a composite current measurement. By merging the outputs of multiple low-noise sensing channels and averaging them, the system achieves both high current processing capability and excellent noise performance, as the averaging process reduces random noise while preserving the true current signal.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP2953249B1DC-DC converter
Publication Date: 2018.08.22 LG INNOTEK CO LTD
  • EP2953249B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2953249B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2953249B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Disclosed is a DC/DC converter. The DC/DC converter includes n converters connected in parallel to each other and configured to adjust a level of an input voltage according to a duty ratio of a first pulse signal applied to a first switch device to output an output voltage, wherein the n is an integer of 2 or more; and a control unit configured to compare an average of n sensing currents with the n sensing currents sensed from the converters, respectively, to adjust the duty ratio of the first pulse signal.