Multiphase Nanocomposite Composition With Uniform Particle Control

The patent employs the Pechini sol-gel method which involves changing chemical parameters (adding tartaric acid and polyethylene glycol to metal nitrate solutions) and thermal parameters (calcination at specific temperatures) to achieve uniform particle size distribution and compositional homogeneity. This systematic parameter control transforms the synthesis process to produce consistent nanocomposite particles while maintaining cost-effectiveness through a straightforward procedural framework.

The patent achieves compositional uniformity by using the sol-gel process that creates a homogeneous gel structure during synthesis. The method ensures uniform distribution of metal ions (Ni, Mg, Ca) throughout the matrix by forming a homogeneous precursor solution that transforms into a uniform nanocomposite structure after calcination, directly addressing the compositional uniformity challenge.

The patent synthesizes a multiphase nanocomposite containing NiO, MgO, and CaCO3 phases within a single material structure. This composite approach integrates multiple functional phases that provide different properties (catalytic activity from NiO, structural stability from MgO, and adsorption capacity from CaCO3) while achieving multifunctionality in a single synthesis process through the Pechini sol-gel method.

The patent creates a nanocomposite material that performs multiple functions simultaneously: catalysis (NiO phase), structural support (MgO phase), and adsorption (CaCO3 phase). The universal design allows the single nanocomposite material to serve various applications including catalytic reactions, pollutant removal, and electrochemical processes, achieving multifunctionality without requiring separate materials for each function.