Multiple Cone Gas Turbine Burner With Variable Slot Widths
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional premixed burners in gas turbines face challenges in optimizing the mixture of oxidizer and fuel within the swirl chamber, leading to suboptimal combustion quality due to constant slot widths and lack of controlled discharge flow.
Innovation Solution
The burner design features varying slot widths along the axial direction of the swirl chamber and airfoil-shaped wall elements with nozzles for controlled air and fuel distribution, along with a mixing tube and transition element to enhance mixing and prevent flashback.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If constant width slots are used between sector plates, then the结构简单 (structure is simple), but the mixing of oxidizer and fuel cannot be optimized
Solution Approach 1:
The slot width is made variable along the axial direction, with different widths at different axial positions. This local variation in slot geometry optimizes the oxidizer distribution and mixing characteristics in different regions of the swirl chamber, resolving the contradiction between structural simplicity and mixing efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The slot width transitions from constant to variable, creating a dynamic flow distribution pattern. The varying width causes the oxidizer flow rate and velocity to change along the axial direction, enhancing mixing performance while maintaining a relatively simple slot structure.
2Device complexity
If traditional sector plates with constant slot widths are used, then the device complexity is low, but the combustion quality is suboptimal
Solution Approach 1:
The sector plates are designed with variable slot widths at different axial positions, creating localized flow control zones. This allows optimization of combustion quality in different regions of the swirl chamber while keeping the overall structure relatively simple.
Solution Approach 2:
The slot width parameter is varied along the axial direction rather than kept constant. This parameter change enables better control over oxidizer-fuel mixing and combustion quality without significantly increasing device complexity.
3Productivity
If varying slot widths are implemented, then the mixing efficiency is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The variable slot width is implemented as a gradual transition rather than abrupt changes, which maintains manufacturing feasibility. Each sector plate can be manufactured with the required width variations using standard machining processes, balancing manufacturing complexity with mixing efficiency improvement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design improves mixing efficiency, reduces combustion pulsations, and lowers CO and NOx generation, resulting in better combustion quality and performance.
Implementation Method 1
a swirl chamber (2) having a substantially conical shape and defining a central axis (5)
Data Source
Figure 1a~1b
Figure 2~3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
The multiple cone burner (1) comprises a swirl chamber (2) defined by a plurality of wall elements (7). A combination of nozzles at the pressure side, suction side and trailing edge of the wall element (7) are placed for fuel injection. The wall elements (7) define slots (8) between each other which have different widths (w) in consecutive planes (11, 11') in the axial direction; the planes (11, 11') are perpendicular to the central axis (5). The burner (1) further comprises a lance (3) in the swirl chamber (2), a transition element (22) at the larger end of the swirl chamber (2), and a mixing tube (23) connected to the transition element (22) providing an almost completely circular air passage (24) between the transition element (22) and the mixing tube (23). The passage (24) is arranged to eject a flow through it, substantially parallel to a surface of the mixing tube (23), wherein the axial location of the outlet (29) of the passage (24) and radial gap of the passage (24) are fixed. Spacers are arranged in the passage (24) on the surface of the mixing tube (23) and/or the transition element (22) to avoid eccentricity of the two parts while still allow sliding and air passage. The spacers are axially tilted in order to control the swirl of the purge flow to a desired value.