Multiplex RT-PCR Composition for Simultaneous Respiratory Virus Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods fail to efficiently and accurately detect and differentiate between novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV, influenza A virus, and influenza B virus, which is crucial for early diagnosis and prevention of respiratory tract infections, leading to challenges in timely treatment and control of outbreaks.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising specific primers and probes for each virus, including a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV forward primer, reverse primer, and probe, along with corresponding influenza A and B virus primers and probes, allows for simultaneous detection and typing using fluorescent quantitative PCR, enabling accurate identification and reducing false negatives and costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If separate detection methods are used for each virus (novel coronavirus, influenza A, influenza B), then detection accuracy for each individual virus is maintained, but detection efficiency is reduced and time consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines detection capabilities for novel coronavirus, influenza A virus, and influenza B virus into a single multiplex RT-PCR detection system. Multiple primer-probe sets are designed to simultaneously amplify and detect different viral targets in one reaction mixture, achieving efficient simultaneous detection without requiring separate tests for each virus.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection system is designed with universal applicability to detect multiple respiratory viruses using a unified platform. The same basic RT-PCR framework and detection methodology can identify different virus types by simply changing the primer-probe combinations, making the system multi-functional rather than requiring separate specialized tests for each virus.
2Reliability
If multiple separate detection tests are performed for different viruses, then comprehensive viral detection is achieved, but detection costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple detection functions into a single reaction system. By combining primer-probe sets for different viruses in one RT-PCR reaction, the system achieves comprehensive viral detection coverage while reducing reagent consumption and overall detection costs compared to performing separate tests for each virus.
3Measurement precision
If conventional detection methods are used, then simplicity of operation is maintained, but ability to differentiate between virus types is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing virus-specific primer and probe sequences that target unique regions of each virus's genetic material. Each primer-probe set is locally optimized to recognize specific viral sequences, enabling accurate differentiation between novel coronavirus, influenza A, and influenza B viruses while maintaining a relatively simple RT-PCR operational framework.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection system uses fluorescent probes with different emission wavelengths (color changes) to distinguish between different virus types. Each virus target is associated with a specific fluorescent signal, allowing simultaneous detection and differentiation of multiple viruses based on their unique fluorescent signatures during the RT-PCR process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables rapid, accurate, and cost-effective simultaneous detection of the three viruses, improving diagnostic efficiency, reducing medical resource waste, and facilitating timely prevention and control measures, including early isolation and pandemic management.
Implementation Method 1
fluorescent quantitative PCR
Implementation Method 2
fluorescent quantitative PCR
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided is a composition for detecting a novel coronavirus, influenza A virus and influenza B virus ; moreover, also provided are a kit comprising the composition, an application of the kit, and a method for detecting and typing viruses causing respiratory tract infection.