Multiplexed DAC Offset Circuits for Ion Trap Electrode Control

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

In trapped ion quantum computing (TIQC) systems, controlling hundreds or thousands of electrodes simultaneously to provide precise electric fields is challenging due to high cost and power requirements, and stray electric fields cause excess micromotion and heating, necessitating advanced techniques for efficient DAC-to-electrode connections and DC offset voltage application.

Innovation Solution

The use of multiplexed digital-to-analog converters (DACs) with DC offset circuits, where DC offset voltages are added to outputs of multiplexed DACs to compensate stray electric fields, allowing for configurable DC offset compensation, reducing the need for high-resolution DACs and minimizing power consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If hundreds or thousands of DACs are used to control each electrode individually, then precise control of electric fields is improved, but cost and device complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectric field control precisionVSAvoidnumber of DACs
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple DAC outputs are combined through a summing circuit to generate the control voltage for a single electrode. This merging approach allows multiple digital-to-analog converter channels to be aggregated, reducing the total number of DACs required while maintaining precise voltage control capability through the superposition of multiple voltage signals.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

A single DAC channel is designed to serve multiple electrodes by time-multiplexing its output. The DAC output is routed to different electrodes at different times through switching circuitry, allowing one DAC to perform the function of multiple DACs would otherwise be needed, thereby reducing overall system complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If high-resolution DACs are used to compensate for stray electric fields, then control precision is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestray field compensation precisionVSAvoidDAC power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of using high-resolution DACs that provide excessive precision, the system uses lower-resolution DACs with added DC offset voltages to achieve the necessary compensation precision. This partial action approach applies just enough correction to eliminate stray fields without the overhead of high-resolution conversion, reducing power consumption while maintaining adequate performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the voltage parameter by adding configurable DC offset voltages to the DAC outputs. This parameter modification allows the system to compensate for stray electric fields by shifting the voltage baseline rather than relying solely on high-resolution DAC precision, thereby achieving field compensation with lower-power, lower-resolution converters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If DC offset circuits are added to each electrode, then stray field compensation capability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestray field compensation capabilityVSAvoidnumber of DC offset circuits
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple DC offset voltage generation functions are merged into shared circuitry that serves multiple electrodes. Rather than implementing separate DC offset circuits for each electrode, the system uses a common offset generation and distribution network that can programmatically apply appropriate offsets to different electrodes, reducing component count while maintaining individualized compensation capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

A central control unit acts as an intermediary between the digital control system and the electrode DC offset circuits. This mediator translates digital offset commands into analog voltage adjustments and distributes them appropriately, coordinating the operation of multiple DC offset circuits without requiring each electrode to have independent control logic, thereby managing complexity through centralized coordination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables efficient control of ion movement with reduced power and cost, while maintaining precise control over electric fields, thereby improving the stability and performance of TIQC systems.

Implementation Method 1

a first DC offset circuit coupled between the first output and the first electrode, the first DC offset circuit configured to add a first DC offset voltage to either the first voltage or the first voltage amplified by a first gain

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDC offset voltage addition: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

a multiplexer having multiple inputs and multiple outputs, the multiple inputs coupled to the plurality of DACs, the multiple outputs including a first output configured to provide a first voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical signal routing: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

electrostatic potentials are used to move ions between storage and processing locations in a process called ion shuttling

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric field generation: Electric Field

Implementation Method 4

converting, by the plurality of DACs, multiple digital voltage values to multiple analog voltages

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDigital-to-analog conversion:

Data Source

PatentEP4303778A1Method and circuitry to apply an individual DC offset to electrodes on a large-scale ion trap quantum computer
Publication Date: 2024.01.10 INFINEON TECH AUSTRIA AG
  • EP4303778A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4303778A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4303778A1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A device includes a plurality of digital-to-analog converters (DACs), a multiplexer, a plurality of electrodes including a first electrode, and a plurality of direct current (DC) offset circuits including a first DC offset circuit. At least one of the plurality of electrodes is located along a lane for movement of an ion. The multiplexer has multiple inputs coupled to the plurality of DACs and multiple outputs including a first output. The first output is configured to provide a first voltage. The first DC offset circuit is coupled between the first output and the first electrode. The first DC offset circuit is configured to add a first DC offset voltage to either the first voltage or the first voltage amplified by a first gain. The first DC offset voltage is configurable. Significant Figure: [Fig. 4]