Multiplexed surface plasmon resonance sensing of analytes in liquid sample
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing SPR devices are limited to one-dimensional detection, requiring sequential analysis of analytes with insufficiently distinct migration rates, leading to inefficiencies in testing time and material usage, and there is a need for cost-effective, multiplexed detection of multiple analytes in liquid samples.
Innovation Solution
A multiplexed SPR device with a gold-plated sensor prism featuring differentially functionalized regions for simultaneous detection of multiple analytes, utilizing jetting-based bioprinting for precise deposition of adhesion layers and ligands, and multiple light sources for real-time data collection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If sequential analysis of analytes is performed using traditional SPR devices, then detection of multiple analytes is achieved, but testing time is excessive and material usage is inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor surface is divided into multiple spatially separated functional regions, each functionalized to detect a different analyte. This segmentation enables parallel detection of multiple analytes simultaneously, eliminating the need for sequential analysis and significantly reducing testing time while improving productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from one-dimensional sequential detection to two-dimensional spatial multiplexing by arranging multiple functional regions across the sensor surface. This dimensional expansion allows simultaneous detection of multiple analytes in a single measurement, dramatically increasing testing speed and reducing time loss.
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional SPR devices detect multiple analytes, then comprehensive analysis is achieved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the sensor surface are functionalized with specific ligands or antibodies tailored to detect particular analytes. This local differentiation enables versatile multiplexed detection while maintaining a relatively simple overall device structure, as each region operates independently with its specialized function.
Solution Approach 2:
The sensor surface serves multiple functions simultaneously by incorporating various functional regions that can detect different analytes. This multi-functionality approach increases adaptability and versatility without proportionally increasing device complexity, as the same physical platform supports multiple detection capabilities.
3Measurement precision
If sequential detection of analytes with similar migration rates is performed, then detection accuracy is maintained, but testing efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the sensor surface into distinct functional regions, the system can detect multiple analytes simultaneously based on their spatial distribution rather than relying on migration rate differences. This maintains measurement precision for analytes with similar migration rates while dramatically improving testing efficiency through parallel detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical separation approach (relying on migration rate differences) with an optical field-based detection approach. Multiple analytes are detected simultaneously through their interaction with light fields at different spatial locations on the sensor surface, eliminating the need for sequential analysis and improving productivity without sacrificing precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid, cost-effective, and simultaneous detection and quantification of multiple analytes in a single liquid sample, reducing testing time and medical costs while enhancing diagnostic efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology as a sensing platform to detect analytes or chemical markers
Implementation Method 2
a photodetector... for receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the waveguide and detecting a signal
Implementation Method 3
Specific antibodies are immobilized on or adhered to an SPR sensor surface, which leads to a signal generation, specific to respective chemical markers such as antigens
Data Source
Figure 1A~1C
Figure 2~3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
A hand-held or portable SPR device focuses light at two or more positions on a noble metal sensor surface, functionalized to enable detection of different SPR curves and their respective minima. The detection is accomplished substantially simultaneously by obtaining SPR signals contemporaneously from the different locations on the sensor surface, on the same sensor. The SPR device may incorporate multiple light sources or a single light source with a beam that is shifted by deflectors in seriatim to focus on different positions on along the functionalized sensor surface. To control wettability of the sensor surface (to augment multiplexing), the sensor surface may include i) the addition of surface assembled monolayers (SAMs) and ii) surface bombardment by gaseous plasmas, most notably O2.