Multi-polarized Antenna Array for Compact Wireless Devices
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Solution Overview
Problem
MIMO systems face challenges in implementing multiple antennas in small devices due to spacing requirements, and multi-polarized antenna arrays are needed to improve signal reliability in wireless communications systems without aligning polarizations.
Innovation Solution
A multi-polarized antenna array comprising co-located planar antennas with different orthogonal polarizations, each consisting of conducting elements and a transmission line, allowing for compact design and efficient signal transmission and reception.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple antennas are spaced apart to achieve MIMO diversity, then signal reliability and communication capacity are improved, but device size increases making it difficult to implement in small communications devices
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from spatial separation (one-dimensional spacing) to polarization diversity (introducing a new dimension of electromagnetic wave property). By using antennas with different polarization orientations (e.g., horizontal, vertical, circular), the system achieves signal diversity without increasing physical device volume, resolving the contradiction between reliability and size.
2Volume of moving object
If multiple antennas are co-located with orthogonal polarizations to reduce device size, then device volume is reduced, but cross-coupling between antennas increases affecting signal quality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by optimizing the specific geometric configuration and orientation of each antenna element's conducting elements. By carefully designing the local structure (e.g., patch shapes, feeding positions, grounding arrangements) of each co-located antenna, the system minimizes mutual coupling while maintaining orthogonal polarizations, thus reducing harmful cross-coupling effects.
3Measurement precision
If antenna spacing is increased to distinguish transmitted signals, then signal distinction capability is improved, but manufacturing complexity and device assembly difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna functions into a single co-located array structure with orthogonal polarizations. Instead of manufacturing and assembling separately spaced antennas, the system integrates multiple polarization-specific antenna elements into one compact unit, simplifying manufacturing processes and reducing assembly complexity while maintaining signal distinction capability through polarization diversity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables reliable signal transmission and reception with reduced size and cross-coupling between antennas, improving communication capacity and reliability in small devices without the need for extensive spacing.
Implementation Method 1
two or more planar antennas that are co-located and arranged orthogonally to one another such that the two or more planar antennas are characterized by two or more different polarizations
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, the present invention is a dual-polarized antenna array constructed from first and second instances of a planar antenna that are co-located and orthogonal to one another. The planar antenna comprises three conducting elements and a transmission line. The first conducting element comprises a straight segment and two arms of equal length. The proximal ends of the two arms are attached to opposite ends of the straight segment. The arms extend away from the second and third conducting elements and towards one another. The second and third conducting elements are separated by a gap and together form a mirror image of the first conducting element. The transmission line has first and second conductors that are coupled to the second and third conducting elements, respectively. In another embodiment, the present invention is a tri-polarized antenna array constructed from three orthogonal co-located instances of the planar antenna.