Multi-Sensor Physiological Monitoring for Non-Invasive Glucose Accuracy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current non-invasive blood glucose monitoring methods suffer from low accuracy and insufficient specificity due to varying tissue geometries and interference from fluorescence, leading to unreliable analyte concentration measurements.
Innovation Solution
Harmonizing data from multiple non-invasive sensors, such as OCT, bio-impedance, and Raman spectroscopy, by using tissue geometry information to calibrate and improve sensor accuracy, isolate Raman signals, and adjust measurements to account for varying tissue sites.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If non-invasive sensors are used to measure blood glucose, then patient comfort and compliance are improved, but measurement accuracy and reliability deteriorate due to tissue geometry variability and fluorescence interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple non-invasive sensing modalities (optical coherence tomography, Raman spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy) into an integrated system. By merging these different sensing approaches, the system compensates for individual sensor limitations through data fusion, thereby maintaining measurement accuracy while preserving patient comfort benefits of non-invasive monitoring
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of fluorescence interference into a beneficial measurement target. By using fluorescence spectroscopy to specifically detect fluorescence signals from tissue, the system transforms fluorescence from a source of interference into a useful analytical signal that can be combined with other optical measurements to improve overall measurement accuracy
2Reliability
If multiple non-invasive sensors are used to improve measurement accuracy, then blood glucose measurement reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a multi-functional sensing platform where a single integrated device performs multiple sensing functions (structural imaging via OCT, molecular fingerprinting via Raman, tissue composition analysis via NIR, and fluorescence detection). This universal device approach consolidates what would otherwise require multiple separate instruments, managing complexity through functional integration while maintaining measurement reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a central processing unit and data fusion algorithm as intermediaries that coordinate the multiple sensors. These intermediaries harmonize data from different sensing modalities, applying calibration and correction algorithms to account for tissue geometry variability and sensor-specific artifacts, thereby managing system complexity through intelligent data integration
3Measurement precision
If tissue geometry data is used to calibrate sensors, then measurement specificity is improved, but data processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary acquisition of tissue geometry data using optical coherence tomography before conducting glucose measurements. By obtaining structural information in advance, the system can pre-calculate path lengths and tissue optical properties that are then used to calibrate subsequent spectroscopic measurements, improving specificity while managing processing complexity through staged data acquisition
Data Source
AI summary
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and medical devices for harmonizing data from a plurality of non-invasive sensors are described. A physiological parameter can be determined by harmonizing data between two or more different types of non-invasive physiological sensors interrogating the same or proximate measurement sites. Data from one or more first non-invasive sensors can be utilized to identify one or more variables that are useful in one or more calculations associated with data from one or more second non-invasive sensors. Data from one or more first non-invasive sensors can be utilized to calibrate one or more second non-invasive sensors. Non-invasive sensors can include, but are not limited to, an optical coherence tomography (OCT) sensor, a bio-impedance sensor, a tissue dielectric constant sensor, a plethysmograph sensor, or a Raman spectrometer.