Multi-Source Channel Estimation in Large-Scale MIMO

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Solution Overview

Problem

Channel estimation in large-scale MIMO communications systems is computationally intensive due to the need for individual channel estimations at each antenna for multiple paths, leading to high complexity and overhead, especially with a large number of antennas and multipath signals.

Innovation Solution

The method involves determining position information of main and mirror transmission points, estimating channels between these points and antennas, and generating beamforming coefficients based on this information to simplify channel estimation by modeling secondary paths as originating from mirror sources, reducing the need for processing reference signals and lowering computational complexity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If individual channel estimation is performed for every multi-path at each antenna in large-scale MIMO systems, then channel estimation accuracy is improved, but computational complexity and processing time increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation accuracyVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the channel estimation problem by separating direct paths from reflected paths. Direct paths are estimated individually at each antenna, while reflected paths are estimated once per transmission point and then reused across multiple antennas through spatial filtering, reducing the overall estimation burden

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary channel estimation for reflected paths at a central processor before distributing the estimates to individual antennas. This preliminary action allows the same reflected path estimates to be reused across multiple antennas, avoiding redundant computations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If the number of transmit and receive antennas is increased to significantly larger numbers (100, 1000, 10000 or more), then radio link capacity is improved, but the number of channel estimations becomes extremely large

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradio link capacityVSAvoidchannel estimation time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the channel estimation process by combining direct path estimation (performed at each antenna) with reflected path estimation (performed centrally and shared across antennas). This merging reduces redundant estimations and speeds up the overall process for large-scale MIMO systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates universal reflected path estimates that can be used by multiple antennas simultaneously. Once a reflected path is estimated for a transmission point, the same estimate serves all antennas, making the estimation process multi-functional and reducing total estimation time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If reference signals are transmitted and received for every transmitter-receiver pair to perform channel estimation, then channel estimation reliability is improved, but signaling overhead and processing burden increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation reliabilityVSAvoidreference signal overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates copies of reflected path channel estimates and distributes them to multiple antennas. Instead of each antenna independently estimating reflected paths, the central processor estimates them once and creates copies for reuse, reducing reference signal requirements while maintaining reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Data Source

PatentEP3360362B1System and method for multi-source channel estimation
Publication Date: 2021.08.04 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3360362B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3360362B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3360362B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for channel estimation includes determining position information of a main transmission point with a primary transmission path to the communications device and of at least one mirror transmission point associated with the main transmission point by at least one secondary transmission path between the main transmission point and the communications device, estimating a primary channel between the main transmission point and the communications device and at least one secondary channel between the at least one mirror transmission point and the communications device in accordance with the position information of the main transmission point and of the at least one mirror transmission point and position information of antennas in an antenna array of the communications device, and instructing use of the estimated primary channel and the at least one estimated secondary channel.