Multispectral Imaging With Continuously Graded Filter

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional multispectral sensors are limited by fixed narrow bandwidth filters, which restrict their performance and adaptability in capturing a wide range of electromagnetic spectrum information.

Innovation Solution

A multispectral imaging apparatus and method utilizing a continuously graded color filter with detectors configured in a pattern, allowing for variable spectral bandwidth and employing a time delayed integration method to enhance sensitivity by summing outputs from adjacent detector rows, thereby generating multiple spectrum response functions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If fixed narrow bandwidth filters are used in conventional multispectral sensors, then the sensor configuration is compact, but the performance is limited and adaptability is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral bandwidth adjustabilityVSAvoidfilter configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces fixed filters with a continuously variable optical filter that can dynamically adjust its spectral transmission characteristics. The filter's optical properties change continuously along its length, allowing real-time adjustment of spectral bandwidth and central wavelength without mechanical filter changes, thus achieving adaptability while maintaining compactness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the optical parameters (wavelength, bandwidth) of the filter continuously along its length rather than using discrete fixed filters. This allows the sensor to access multiple spectral bands by simply changing the position or orientation of the filter, providing versatile spectral coverage without adding complex filter assemblies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of information

If fixed narrow bandwidth filters are used, then the sensor structure is simple, but the ability to capture information across a wide range of electromagnetic spectrum is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral information coverageVSAvoidspectral range flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The continuously variable optical filter serves multiple spectral measurement functions within a single component. By adjusting the filter position or orientation, the same physical filter can provide different spectral passbands, making the sensor universally applicable to multiple spectral regions without requiring separate fixed filters for each band.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent adds a spatial dimension (continuous gradient along the filter length) to the spectral filtering function. Instead of using multiple discrete filters in one dimension, a single filter with continuous variation in the orthogonal dimension provides access to multiple spectral bands, capturing comprehensive spectral information without increasing filter count.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Measurement precision

If detector outputs are summed using time delayed integration, then the sensitivity in specific wavelength bands is increased, but the processing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal-to-noise ratioVSAvoidsignal processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary temporal alignment of detector signals from different rows before summation. By pre-synchronizing the timing of signals based on their positional delays, the system prepares the data for optimal integration, ensuring that signals corresponding to the same spectral feature are aligned and can be coherently summed to enhance signal-to-noise ratio.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The time delayed integration method continuously processes detector outputs by maintaining a running sum of aligned signals over time. This continuous integration accumulates useful spectral information while averaging out random noise, providing sustained improvement in measurement precision without requiring discrete processing steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables real-time adjustment of spectral bandwidth, improves signal-to-noise ratio, and allows for the generation of multiple spectrum response functions without changing filters, enhancing the adaptability and sensitivity of multispectral imaging systems.

Implementation Method 1

positioning a continuously graded color filter in front of a plurality of detectors, wherein wavelengths of energy passed by the filter vary smoothly as a function of location along the length of the filter, and wherein longitudinally adjacent points on the filter pass wavelengths of energy of overlapping bands

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical filtering: Filter (optical)

Implementation Method 2

a plurality of detectors located on a first side of the filter and configured in a pattern having a plurality of rows each having a plurality of detectors to output signals generated in response to an image moving across the length of the filter

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric effect: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2836806B1Adaptive multispectral imaging
Publication Date: 2019.05.15 RAYTHEON CO
  • EP2836806B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2836806B1 patent drawingFigure 1B~1C
  • EP2836806B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A method for multispectral imaging that includes positioning a continuously graded color filter in front of a plurality of detectors. Wavelengths of energy passed by the filter vary smoothly along the filter length and the detectors are configured in a pattern having a plurality of rows each having a plurality of detectors. Each of the plurality of rows is oriented across the length of the filter. The method also includes measuring outputs of the detectors in response to moving an image along the length of the filter and generating a spectrum response function for the image based on the outputs of two or more rows of the detectors using a time delayed integration method.