Multispectral Intraoral Scanning for 3D Internal Tooth Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dental imaging techniques, such as X-rays and cone beam computed tomography, rely on ionizing radiation and struggle to accurately visualize internal tooth structures like caries and cracks, while non-ionizing methods lack the ability to provide comprehensive three-dimensional models of both surface and internal tooth features.
Innovation Solution
Intraoral scanners equipped with light sources emitting in multiple spectral ranges, including visible and penetrative wavelengths, capture both surface and internal tooth structures using trans-illumination and small-angle penetration imaging, enabling the generation of 3D volumetric models that combine surface and internal features.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If ionizing radiation techniques (X-rays, CBCT) are used to image internal tooth structures, then the ability to detect internal features like caries and cracks is improved, but the risk of radiation exposure and inability to visualize soft tissues increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of radiation type from ionizing (X-rays) to non-ionizing (near-infrared light), achieving internal tooth imaging without harmful radiation exposure. The near-infrared wavelength penetrates enamel and dentin to reveal internal structures like caries and cracks while avoiding the harmful effects of ionizing radiation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/X-ray imaging system with an optical imaging system using near-infrared light. This substitution eliminates the need for ionizing radiation while maintaining the capability to image internal tooth structures through optical penetration and scattering properties of dental tissues.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If non-ionizing radiation methods are used for dental imaging, then radiation safety is improved, but the ability to provide comprehensive three-dimensional models of internal tooth structures deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from two-dimensional surface scanning to three-dimensional volumetric imaging using near-infrared light. By capturing light scattering patterns from multiple angles and reconstructing the data, the system creates comprehensive 3D models of internal tooth structures including caries, cracks, and dentin morphology without ionizing radiation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses near-infrared light as an intermediary that can penetrate dental tissues to reveal internal structures. This optical intermediary enables non-ionizing radiation imaging with sufficient penetration depth and resolution to create detailed three-dimensional models of enamel, dentin, and pathological features.
3Ease of operation
If surface scanning only is performed, then the simplicity of the scanning process is maintained, but the ability to detect internal tooth pathology deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the intraoral scanner multi-functional by integrating both surface scanning and internal imaging capabilities into a single device. The same near-infrared light source and sensor system perform both functions, allowing the scanner to automatically switch between surface topography mapping and internal pathology detection without requiring separate equipment or complex procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows for the creation of detailed 3D models that include both surface and internal tooth structures, facilitating accurate detection and analysis of dental issues like caries and cracks without ionizing radiation, enhancing diagnostic precision and treatment planning.
Implementation Method 1
capture both surface and internal tooth structures using trans-illumination
Implementation Method 2
small-angle penetration imaging, enabling the generation of 3D volumetric models that combine surface and internal features
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and apparatuses for generating and displaying a model of a subject's teeth. Described herein are intraoral scanning methods and apparatuses for generating a three-dimensional model of a subject's intraoral region (e.g., teeth). These methods and apparatuses may be used for identifying and evaluating lesions, caries and cracks in the teeth.