Multi-Static Millimeter Wave Screening for Unconstrained Body Reconstruction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional radar systems for surveillance and detection constrain subjects, leading to incomplete or inaccurate reconstructions of body surfaces and failure to detect hidden foreign objects due to their mono-static configuration and requirement for subject immobility.
Innovation Solution
A multi-static configuration of synchronized transmitters and receivers deployed along a subject's path of movement, allowing for radar-based interrogation using millimeter wave radiation, enabling 2D or 3D reconstruction of body surfaces and detection of attached foreign objects without constraining the subject's movement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional mono-static radar configuration is used, then system complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and detection accuracy deteriorate due to incomplete body surface coverage
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the illumination function into multiple transmitters positioned at different locations along the subject's path. Each transmitter illuminates different portions of the body surface, and the receivers collect scattered radiation from multiple angles. This segmentation enables complete body surface coverage and accurate reconstruction of foreign objects without requiring a single complex mono-static configuration.
2Productivity
If subject movement is constrained, then measurement stability is improved, but productivity and screening throughput deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from a static subject constraint model to a dynamic multi-static illumination model. Multiple transmitters and receivers are positioned along the subject's path of movement, allowing the system to track and reconstruct the body surface in real-time as the subject moves. This dynamic configuration maintains measurement reliability while enabling continuous screening without subject confinement.
Solution Approach 2:
The system pre-positions multiple transmitters and receivers along the expected path of subject movement before screening begins. This preliminary arrangement ensures that as the subject moves through the screening area, radiation is continuously illuminated and scattered radiation is continuously captured from optimal angles, maintaining reconstruction accuracy throughout the movement process.
3Reliability
If single-angle illumination is used, then device complexity is reduced, but detection capability deteriorates due to incomplete foreign object detection
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from single-angle (one-dimensional) illumination to multi-angle (three-dimensional) illumination by positioning transmitters and receivers at multiple locations around the subject's path. This dimensional expansion enables scattered radiation to be captured from multiple perspectives, allowing accurate reconstruction of foreign objects' shape, orientation, and position that would be invisible from a single angle.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate, high-throughput, non-invasive screening of subjects with reduced false alarms and improved detection of foreign objects by leveraging multiple observation angles and subject movement for comprehensive body surface coverage.
Implementation Method 1
transmitting, in sequence by each of a plurality of transmitters spatially distributed on two sides along a path of movement of a subject, radiation to be scattered from the subject
Data Source
AI summary
In some aspects, the disclosure is directed methods and systems for screening an unconstrained subject. A plurality of transmitters may be spatially distributed on two sides along a path of movement of a subject. Each of the transmitters may transmit, in sequence, radiation to be scattered from the subject. A plurality of sensors may be spatially distributed on the two sides and coherently configured with respect to the plurality of transmitters. The plurality of sensors may collect measurements of scattered radiation corresponding to the radiation transmitted by each of the plurality of transmitters. An imaging module may generate, based on the collected measurements, a two-dimensional or three-dimensional reconstruction estimate of body surface of the subject with one or more attached foreign objects.