Multivariable Controller for Butene-1 Oligomerization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional control methods for oligomerization units producing butene-1 from ethylene face challenges in maintaining stable reactor temperature, pressure, and productivity due to rapid catalyst flow variations, leading to pressure fluctuations and polymer deposition, which affects efficiency and selectivity.

Innovation Solution

Implementation of an advanced process control (APC) system using a multivariable controller that dynamically regulates reactor pressure, temperature, and butene-1 production by adjusting ethylene flow, catalyst flow rates, and coolant flow, anticipating and compensating for changes in pressure and production setpoints, thereby stabilizing the process and minimizing polymer formation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional control methods are used to adjust catalyst flow rate, then productivity can be controlled, but pressure fluctuations occur and polymer deposition increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebutene-1 production rateVSAvoidpressure stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The advanced control system performs preliminary identification of the unit's response to catalyst flow rate variations during a closed-loop identification phase. This allows the system to predict pressure fluctuations before they occur and adjust other parameters in advance to compensate, thereby maintaining pressure stability while controlling productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The control system implements continuous feedback monitoring of pressure, temperature, and productivity parameters. Based on real-time measurements and the identified dynamic model, the system automatically adjusts catalyst flow rate and other action variables to maintain target values, preventing pressure fluctuations and polymer deposition while controlling productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Speed

If catalyst flow rate is adjusted rapidly to control productivity, then response time is reduced, but polymer deposition in exchangers increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol response speedVSAvoidpolymer deposition
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary identification of the relationship between catalyst flow rate variations and polymer deposition tendencies. This allows the control algorithm to anticipate polymer formation risks and adjust catalyst flow rate more gradually or compensate with other parameters, maintaining fast control response while preventing harmful polymer deposition in exchangers and cold parts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of relying solely on rapid catalyst flow rate adjustments, the advanced control system modifies multiple parameters simultaneously (catalyst flow rate, coolant flow rate, ethylene flow rate) to achieve productivity control. This distributed parameter adjustment reduces the risk of polymer deposition while maintaining control speed and effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Stability of the object's composition

If multi-parameter control is implemented to stabilize temperature and pressure, then process stability is improved, but control system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess stabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The advanced control system performs self-identification of the unit's dynamic characteristics during a closed-loop identification phase. By automatically characterizing the system's response to disturbances and parameter changes, the controller adapts to the specific unit without requiring complex manual tuning or external expertise, thereby achieving high process stability while keeping the system relatively simple to implement and maintain.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The control system integrates multiple functions into a single advanced controller: process identification, dynamic model generation, multi-variable optimization, and automatic control. This multi-functional approach consolidates what would otherwise require multiple separate systems, achieving comprehensive process stability (temperature, pressure, productivity control) while minimizing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The APC system achieves significant stabilization of reactor pressure and butene-1 production, reducing dispersion and maintaining efficiency by anticipatory control of catalyst flow and coolant adjustments, resulting in improved process stability and reduced polymer deposition.

Implementation Method 1

the cooling water flow rate which supplies the exchangers of the catalyst recycling loop(s)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

oligomerization units operated in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst in the liquid phase

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Data Source

PatentEP3176668B1Use of an advanced multivariable controller to control alphabutol units
Publication Date: 2020.06.17 AXENS SA
  • EP3176668B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3176668B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP3176668B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b

AI summary

The present invention describes a control system for Butene-1 production units by ethylene oligomerization in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst, in liquid phase and at the bubble point, which uses a predictive multivariable controller and allows for improved unit stability