Multiway Valve Symmetrical Switching via Hollow Control Piston

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Solution Overview

Problem

Multi-way valves often exhibit different switching speeds in opposite directions due to unequal pressure surface areas on the actuating piston, complicating control tasks and increasing the complexity of channel routing.

Innovation Solution

A connecting channel between the rear pressure chamber and the rear end section of the housing recess ensures constant fluid communication, allowing equal-sized pressure surface areas to be actuated in both directions, facilitating symmetrical switching speeds with a single actuating pressure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single actuating piston is used with unequal pressure surface areas, then the device complexity is reduced, but the switching speeds in the two switching directions become different

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidswitching speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extends the pressure medium distribution into a third spatial dimension by routing it through the hollow control piston. The pressure medium is distributed from the rear end section, through the hollow interior of the control piston, to both the actuating piston and the valve slide, creating equal effective pressure areas without increasing the linear dimensions of the actuating piston.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The hollow control piston serves as an intermediary component that distributes pressure medium from the rear end section to multiple targets. It acts as a fluid distribution manifold, receiving pressure medium and routing it to both the actuating piston and the valve slide, thereby equalizing the effective pressure areas without requiring a complex multi-piston actuating mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Speed

If an actuating piston is assigned to each end section of the valve slide, then equally high switching speeds in both directions are achieved, but the overall length increases and channel routing becomes more complicated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidchannel routing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the functions of multiple pressure distribution paths into a single integrated system. The hollow control piston combines the functions of multiple actuators by distributing pressure medium internally to both the actuating piston and the valve slide, eliminating the need for separate actuators at each end section and simplifying the overall channel routing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The hollow control piston performs multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a structural support element, a centering device for the valve slide, and a fluid distribution manifold. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate dedicated actuators for each switching direction, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining symmetrical switching performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Device complexity

If pressure medium is fed only to the annular rear loading chamber, then the channel routing is simplified, but the pressure surface areas remain unequal resulting in different switching speeds

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel routing complexityVSAvoidswitching speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The invention segments the pressure medium distribution into multiple distinct paths originating from a single feed point. The hollow control piston divides the pressure medium flow into separate channels that reach both the actuating piston and the valve slide, creating equal effective pressure areas while maintaining a simple single-feed-point architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enables equally high switching speeds in both directions, simplifying integration into pneumatic control sequences and reducing the complexity of channel routing within the valve housing.

Implementation Method 1

the rear end section of the housing recess (14) can be acted upon with fluidic pressure medium in a controlled manner, unlike in the discussed prior art, not only the annular rear loading chamber (37) but also the rear end face (62) of the control piston (22)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid pressure: Pressure Increase

Data Source

PatentEP2092226B1Multiway valve
Publication Date: 2011.06.29 FESTO AG & CO KG
  • EP2092226B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2092226B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2092226B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The invention relates to a multiway valve (1), the valve housing (2) thereof defining a housing recess (14) in which an axially movable valve slide (18) is arranged. The valve slide (18) comprises a control piston (22) and an actuating piston (24) arranged at the front end region (23) thereof. A rear application chamber (37) associated with the control piston (22), and an opposed front application chamber (38), are separated by the actuating piston (24), wherein said chambers can be subjected to a control fluid for switching the valve slide. In order to obtain equally high switching pressures, the rear application chamber (37) is connected to a rear end section (43) of the housing recess (14) via an internal connecting channel (44) of the control piston (22), wherein the control piston (22) projects freely into said recess.