MUTEX Signal Order Recognition Under Metastability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Metastability in MUTEX circuits during analog-to-digital conversion in TDC-type converters leads to inaccuracies and errors in determining the order of signals, affecting the precision of time interval measurements, especially when both inputs enter their active states quasi-simultaneously, causing uncompensated delays and incorrect configuration of signal paths.

Innovation Solution

A method using an additional MUTEX circuit to detect metastability by controlling the delay of the main MUTEX circuit's outputs, signaling metastability to an output module that assigns default logical states to bits at risk of falsification, ensuring correct operation and reducing errors by up to one bit from ideal results, and allowing for interrupting the conversion process to minimize time and energy loss.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a MUTEX circuit is used to detect the leading signal in a TDC converter, then the order of signals can be determined, but metastability occurs when both inputs enter active states quasi-simultaneously, causing large uncompensated delays and measurement errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetime interval measurement precisionVSAvoidMUTEX circuit reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

An additional MUTEX circuit is introduced as an intermediary to detect metastability conditions. This secondary MUTEX monitors the propagation delay of the main MUTEX and signals when metastability occurs, allowing the system to identify and compensate for erroneous measurements without affecting the primary signal detection function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The additional MUTEX circuit provides feedback about the operational state of the main MUTEX. When metastability is detected, this feedback signal triggers corrective actions (such as resetting or re-measuring) to prevent propagation of errors, thereby maintaining overall system reliability while preserving measurement precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If delay elements are permanently included in signal paths to compensate for propagation delays, then timing accuracy is improved, but the absolute value of inaccuracy from technological process dispersion becomes significantly greater than converter resolution, falsifying measurement results

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetiming accuracyVSAvoiddelay element accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of using fixed delay elements that may introduce excessive error, the system uses conditional delay insertion. Delay elements are only activated when specifically needed based on real-time detection of signal timing relationships, thereby avoiding the accumulation of manufacturing tolerances while still achieving necessary timing accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary detection of signal arrival times using the MUTEX circuits before inserting any delay elements. This preliminary action allows the system to determine exactly when and where delay compensation is needed, preventing over-compensation and the associated manufacturing precision errors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Measurement precision

If the conversion process is interrupted to handle metastability, then measurement accuracy is maintained, but processing time and energy consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal order determination accuracyVSAvoidconversion process efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

When metastability is detected by the additional MUTEX, the system quickly skips the erroneous measurement cycle and resets for a new measurement. This rapid skipping minimizes the time lost due to re-measurement while ensuring that only valid, accurate measurements are processed, thereby maintaining precision without excessive productivity loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #21Skipping (Rushing through)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures accurate determination of signal order and time interval measurements even in metastability situations, with the final output digital word differing by at most one bit from ideal results, and reduces processing time and energy consumption.

Implementation Method 1

a metastability effect of a MUTEX circuit is known. This circuit is characterized by a constant and small propagation delay in a situation where active states on both its inputs do not appear quasi-simultaneously. However, if both inputs of the MUTEX circuit enter their active states quasi-simultaneously, the response time of the MUTEX circuit increases rapidly.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMetastability: Metastability

Data Source

PatentEP4261623B1Method for recognizing order of signals
Publication Date: 2024.08.28 ACAD GORNICZO HUTNICZA IM STANISLAWA STASZICA
  • EP4261623B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4261623B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A method for recognizing an order of signals by means of a main MUTEX circuit is characterized in that metastability of the main MUTEX circuit (MMx) is detected and is signaled by means of an additional MUTEX circuit (MAx). If metastability of the main MUTEX circuit (MMx) is detected, default values are assigned to an appropriate bit group of an output digital word (B) by means of an output module (OM).