MXene Conductive Film With Partial Metal Coverage for Thickness Conductivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
MXene-based conductive materials exhibit low conductivity in the thickness direction when used alone, and existing combinations with metal materials, such as Ag-MXene co-sintered bodies or bimetal nanoparticle dispersions, fail to effectively utilize surface modifiers or terminals, leading to reduced pseudo capacitance in electrochemical capacitors.
Innovation Solution
A conductive material comprising a layered MXene structure with a metal material partially covering the MXene, allowing for improved conductivity in the thickness direction while maintaining the effect of surface modifiers or terminals, achieved through a method involving the partial coverage of MXene particles with a metal material and subsequent pulverization to form a conductive film.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If MXene is used alone as a conductive material, then the pseudo capacitance is maintained through surface modifiers or terminals, but the conductivity in the thickness direction is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines MXene with metal particles to create a composite conductive material. The metal particles are dispersed within the MXene layered structure, forming a composite that leverages both materials' properties: MXene provides surface modifiers for pseudo capacitance while metal particles enhance conductivity in the thickness direction through electron transport pathways.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If MXene is combined with metal material to improve conductivity, then the conductivity in the thickness direction is improved, but the surface modifiers or terminals are covered and pseudo capacitance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The metal particles are distributed locally within the MXene structure rather than forming a continuous coating. This local distribution allows metal particles to enhance conductivity at specific points while leaving other regions of MXene surface exposed to maintain pseudo capacitance through surface modifiers.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of completely coating the MXene surface with metal material, the patent uses partial coverage through dispersed metal particles. This partial action is sufficient to improve conductivity while preserving enough MXene surface area with its modifiers to maintain pseudo capacitance.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If metal particles are dispersed in MXene, then the conductivity is improved to some extent, but the metal particles are in point contact and the effect is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The metal particles are incorporated into the MXene structure during the synthesis process rather than being added separately afterward. This preliminary incorporation ensures optimal dispersion and contact between metal particles and MXene layers, creating efficient conductivity pathways before the material is formed into electrodes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances the conductivity of MXene in the thickness direction and enables the effective utilization of surface modifiers, resulting in improved capacitor characteristics, including increased capacitance per unit mass and reduced impedance, making it suitable for electrochemical capacitors.
Implementation Method 1
MXene has an extremely high carrier density (carrier concentration) and has high conductivity in the in-plane direction. Since MXene contains a metal atom M, the conductivity of MXene in the thickness direction is higher than that of, for example, graphene
Implementation Method 2
The electrochemical capacitor is a capacitor using capacitance developed due to a physicochemical reaction between an electrode (electrode active material) and ions (electrolyte ions) in an electrolytic solution
Data Source
AI summary
A conductive material including a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles including at least a first particle having: a layered material including one or plural layers, wherein the one or plural layers include a layer body represented by MmXn (where M is at least one metal of Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, X is a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is not less than 1 and not more than 4, and m is more than n but not more than 5), and a modifier or terminal T (where T is at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom) existing on a surface of the layer body; and a metal material at least partially covering the layered material.