Image Coding Using N-Ary Motion Detection and Adaptive Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional image coding systems, such as H.264, face challenges in reducing data transfer volume and computation required for motion detection, especially with increasing pixel density and frame rates, and lack compatibility between intraframe and interframe prediction coding, leading to increased circuit complexity and coding time.
Innovation Solution
An image coding apparatus and method that incorporates intraframe and interframe prediction units, with a selection unit choosing between them based on an evaluation method, and employs N-ary image conversion to reduce gradations, thereby reducing data transfer and computation by using a binary image for motion detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional motion detection techniques are used with increasing pixel density and frame rates, then motion detection accuracy is maintained, but data transfer volume and computation increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the motion detection process into two distinct stages: a coarse detection stage using down-sampled reference frames at lower resolution, and a fine detection stage using full-resolution reference frames. This segmentation allows the system to perform initial motion estimation with reduced data transfer volume while maintaining final detection accuracy through the refinement stage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a resolution dimension by creating reference frames at multiple scales (down-sampled and full-resolution). By performing motion detection across different resolution dimensions sequentially, the system reduces the computational burden and data transfer requirements while preserving motion detection accuracy through multi-scale analysis.
2Measurement precision
If conventional motion detection techniques are used with increasing pixel density and frame rates, then motion detection accuracy is maintained, but computation increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the motion detection process into two distinct stages: a coarse detection stage using down-sampled reference frames at lower resolution, and a fine detection stage using full-resolution reference frames. This segmentation allows the system to perform initial motion estimation with reduced data transfer volume while maintaining final detection accuracy through the refinement stage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a resolution dimension by creating reference frames at multiple scales (down-sampled and full-resolution). By performing motion detection across different resolution dimensions sequentially, the system reduces the computational burden and data transfer requirements while preserving motion detection accuracy through multi-scale analysis.
3Productivity
If only interframe prediction coding is used, then temporal correlation is exploited, but intraframe prediction accuracy and compatibility are lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a unified prediction framework that can perform both intraframe and interframe prediction using the same functional units. The prediction units generate prediction blocks that can be derived from either spatially adjacent blocks (intraframe) or temporally corresponding blocks (interframe), making the system universally applicable to different prediction modes without requiring separate dedicated hardware for each mode.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic selection between intraframe and interframe prediction modes based on coding conditions. The system can adaptively switch between spatial and temporal prediction approaches, allowing the prediction mechanism to dynamically adjust its behavior according to the specific coding scenario, thereby achieving both coding efficiency and mode compatibility.
4Reliability
If dedicated reference frame memory is provided separate from shared memory space, then data transfer reliability is improved, but circuit scale and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the shared reference frame memory accessible to multiple functional units including the motion compensation unit, intraframe prediction unit, and N-ary image conversion unit. This universal memory access mechanism eliminates the need for dedicated separate memory spaces while ensuring reliable data transfer through controlled access protocols and proper memory management.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the reference frame storage function with the shared memory space used by multiple processing units. By combining what would traditionally be separate dedicated memories into a unified shared memory structure, the system reduces overall circuit scale while maintaining data transfer reliability through coordinated access control and memory management mechanisms.
Data Source
AI summary
To use both intraframe prediction coding and interframe prediction coding, and at the same time restrict a transfer volume of reference data used in motion detection in interframe prediction coding. In a coding apparatus that compression-codes moving images, both intraframe prediction coding and interframe prediction coding are applied and prediction coding is carried out using a prediction image produced by the coding system deemed to have the higher coding efficiency.