N-Qubit Gate Execution Using Interface Qubits and Clifford Mapping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Direct execution of certain quantum gates on quantum computing devices is hindered by the requirement for physically adjacent qubits and can lead to delays, making the process expensive and location-dependent, with indirect execution potentially increasing computational costs exponentially.
Innovation Solution
The method involves remote execution of n-qubit gates through local Pauli gates and joint Pauli measurements on pre-connected qubits, allowing for delayed or pipelined execution of diagonal gates, even if they act on the same qubits, by utilizing pre-established entanglement and prioritizing qubits for costly operations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If direct execution of n-qubit gates is performed on physically adjacent qubits, then the gate operation can be executed directly, but the process becomes expensive and location-dependent with delays
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces interface qubits as intermediaries between target qubits and the diagonal gate execution location. These interface qubits enable remote gate execution by mediating the interaction between qubits that are not physically adjacent, thus eliminating location-dependency and delays while maintaining execution reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the gate execution process into distinct components: Clifford operations on target qubits, diagonal gate execution on interface qubits, and Pauli corrections. This segmentation allows different parts of the operation to be performed independently and in parallel, reducing overall execution time and eliminating delays
2Adaptability or versatility
If indirect execution of n-qubit gates is performed, then location dependency is reduced, but computational costs increase exponentially
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of gate representation by decomposing general n-qubit gates into a specific form: Clifford operations conjugating diagonal gates. This parameter change enables efficient execution using only diagonal gates and Clifford operations, which can be implemented with polynomial rather than exponential computational cost, while maintaining execution flexibility
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses disposable interface qubits that are consumed during the gate execution process. These interface qubits enable flexible remote execution but are used once and then discarded, replaced by fresh interface qubits for subsequent operations, keeping the computational cost manageable
3Measurement precision
If qubits are occupied for diagonal gate execution, then the gate can be executed accurately, but qubits are unavailable for immediate reuse reducing throughput
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the quantum computing system into target qubits and interface qubits. The diagonal gate execution is segregated to dedicated interface qubits, allowing target qubits to be immediately reused for other operations. This segmentation maintains gate execution accuracy on interface qubits while maximizing target qubit availability, thus increasing overall system throughput
Solution Approach 2:
Interface qubits serve as intermediaries that absorb the resource occupation during diagonal gate execution. By performing the expensive diagonal gate operation on interface qubits rather than target qubits, the system maintains execution accuracy while preventing target qubit unavailability, thereby enabling continuous quantum algorithm execution and improving throughput
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces computational expenses, increases operational speed, and decreases error rates by enabling parallel execution of quantum operations and freeing up qubits for immediate reuse, thus enhancing the throughput of quantum algorithms.
Implementation Method 1
allowing for delayed or pipelined execution of diagonal gates, even if they act on the same qubits, by utilizing pre-established entanglement
Data Source
AI summary
One aspect of this disclosure relates to a method for operating a quantum computing device. A request to execute a first n-qubit gate on a set of n target qubits is received. The first n-qubit gate is representable as an m-qubit diagonal gate conjugated by a Clifford gate, where m≤n. A set of m interface qubits on which to perform the m-qubit diagonal gate are identified. A Clifford operation is executed on each interface qubit and its corresponding target qubits. The m-qubit diagonal gate is executed on the set of m interface qubits.