N-State Cryptographic Switching with FLT Reversible Inverters
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current computer cryptography methods require increased security measures without overburdening computer resources, and existing cryptographic methods are vulnerable to attacks due to predictable operations.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of modified n-state switching operations using Finite Lab-Transform (FLT) in cryptographic apparatus and methods, which transforms input data with a first reversible inverter and outputs with a second reversible inverter, creating unpredictable and secure cryptographic operations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If known cryptographic operations are used, then computational efficiency is maintained, but security is reduced due to predictability and vulnerability to attacks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies Finite Lab-Transform (FLT) to modify the parameters of n-state switching operations by transforming input data with a first reversible inverter and output data with a second reversible inverter. This changes the operational parameters of cryptographic functions while maintaining their fundamental structure, thereby improving security without excessive complexity increase
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces reversible inverters as intermediary elements between input data and cryptographic operations, and between cryptographic operations and output data. These intermediaries transform the data in a controlled manner, adding security layers while maintaining computational efficiency through their reversible nature
2Reliability
If security measures are increased to protect against attacks, then cryptographic strength is improved, but computational resource demands increase
Solution Approach 1:
The reversible inverters used in FLT are designed to be self-inverse operations, meaning applying the same operation twice returns the original data. This self-service property allows the system to maintain security while reducing computational overhead, as the transformation and its inverse require equivalent resources
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the cryptographic operation into distinct phases: input transformation by first inverter, core cryptographic operation, and output transformation by second inverter. This segmentation allows each phase to be optimized independently, improving overall efficiency while maintaining security
Data Source
AI summary
Operational n-state digital gates execute Finite Lab-transformed (FLT) n-state switching functions or n-state switching function tables to process n-state signals provided on at least 2 inputs to generate an n-state signal on an output, with n>2, n>3 and n>64. The FLT is an enhancement of a computer architecture. Cryptographic apparatus and methods apply circuits that are characterized by FLT-ed addition and multiplication over finite field GF(n) or by addition and multiplication modulo-n that are modified in accordance with reversible n-state inverters, and are no longer characterized by known operations. Known cryptographic methods executed with novel n-state digital gates include encryption/decryption, public key generation, message digest and Elliptic Curve Cryptography wherein one n-state switching function is replaced by an FLT'ed n-state switching function.