N10 Interface Messaging Control for 5G Session Congestion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional 5G telecommunications networks experience interface failures, degradations, and congestion at the N10 interface between the Unified Data Management Function (UDM) and the Session Management Function (SMF), leading to session establishment failures due to unnecessary noise and unattainable information.

Innovation Solution

The Session Management Function (SMF) intelligently manages N10 interface communications by identifying source Radio Access Technology (RAT) and congestion thresholds to determine when and what messages to send, eliminating redundant messages, and utilizing local de-registration protocols to reduce traffic on the N10 interface.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If continuous messaging is sent on the N10 interface without considering network conditions, then session management completeness is maintained, but interface congestion and unnecessary noise increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesession management completenessVSAvoidinterface congestion and noise

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts messaging behavior based on real-time network conditions. The SMF monitors congestion thresholds and source RAT information, then adaptively decides whether to send N10 registration messages. This dynamic adjustment resolves the contradiction by making the messaging system flexible rather than static, maintaining reliability when needed while reducing congestion when possible.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes key parameters including congestion threshold levels and source RAT identification to optimize messaging decisions. By monitoring and responding to parameter changes in network conditions, the system can adjust its messaging behavior accordingly, resolving the contradiction between maintaining session management completeness and reducing interface congestion.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If N10 registration messages are sent for all session requests, then session establishment reliability is ensured, but network load and processing overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesession establishment reliabilityVSAvoidnetwork load and processing overhead

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies different messaging strategies to different local conditions. Instead of uniformly sending N10 registration messages for all session requests, the SMF evaluates local factors such as source RAT type and current congestion status. This local quality approach allows selective messaging that maintains reliability for critical cases while reducing overall network load.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements partial action by sending N10 registration messages only when necessary rather than for every session request. The SMF determines partial messaging based on congestion thresholds and source RAT information, achieving sufficient session establishment reliability without the excessive action of universal message sending, thereby reducing network load and processing overhead.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Measurement precision

If the SMF sends all N10 messages to the UDM, then data management accuracy is maintained, but interface traffic and latency increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedata management accuracyVSAvoidinterface traffic and latency

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary evaluation of messaging necessity before actual message transmission. The SMF assesses source RAT information and congestion thresholds in advance to determine whether N10 messages should be sent to the UDM. This preliminary action filters out unnecessary messages, maintaining data management accuracy for essential communications while reducing interface traffic and associated latency.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentUS12610287B2N10 messaging optimization

Publication Date: 2026.04.21 T MOBILE INNOVATIONS LLC

AI summary

Systems and methods are provided for optimizing N10 interface messaging. Specifically, registration messages, de-registration messages, and the like can be dynamically controlled such that communication is prevented. Said messages are communicated via an N10 interface between a Unified Data Management function (UDM) and a Session Management function (SMF) in a 5G network. Additionally, subscription information, user profile information, etc., is also communicated via the N10 interface. Thus, the N10 interface can easily become overloaded or congested. Aspects herein provide mechanisms to avoid additional congestion of the N10 interface by intelligently eliminating specific messages communicated to the UDM via the N10 interface.