N2-Phosphinyl Amidine Chromium Catalyst for Ethylene Oligomerization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current catalyst systems for ethylene oligomerization lack efficiency and innovation, necessitating the development of novel catalysts to enhance production of alpha olefins, which are crucial for various industrial applications.
Innovation Solution
The use of an N2-phosphinyl amidine chromium salt complex as a catalyst system in the oligomerization of ethylene, specifically with Structure FNPACr I, which involves contacting ethylene with a catalyst system comprising this complex to form an oligomer product.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional catalyst systems (alkylaluminum compounds, nickel-phosphine complexes, titanium halide with Lewis acid) are used for ethylene oligomerization, then the process can proceed, but the efficiency and selectivity for producing alpha olefins are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the catalyst system by introducing a chromium salt complex with a specific N2-phosphinyl amidine ligand structure. This ligand features a unique combination of phosphinyl and amidine groups with specific substituents (R1-R6) that can be varied to optimize catalytic performance. The chromium center in oxidation state +2, +3, or +6 provides different reactivity profiles, enabling improved efficiency and selectivity for alpha olefin production compared to conventional catalyst systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The catalyst system comprises a composite structure formed by the coordination of the N2-phosphinyl amidine ligand to the chromium salt. This composite material combines the electronic properties of the chromium metal center with the steric and electronic characteristics of the organic ligand framework, creating a synergistic catalytic system that achieves both high productivity and selectivity for alpha olefins.
2Productivity
If existing catalyst systems are employed, then the process is established, but additional novel and improved catalyst systems are needed to meet intensifying competition and multiplying demand for olefins
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically varies the substituent parameters (R1-R6) on the N2-phosphinyl amidine ligand to create a series of related catalysts with different properties. By changing these molecular parameters, the patent develops novel catalyst systems that enhance supply capacity while maintaining a consistent and understand able structural framework, balancing innovation with practical implementation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly improves the efficiency and selectivity of ethylene oligomerization, producing higher yields of alpha olefins such as 1-hexene and 1-octene, addressing the need for improved catalyst systems in industrial applications.
Implementation Method 1
N2-phosphinyl amidine chromium salt complexes and catalyst systems comprising the same are useful for a variety of applications including, but not limited to, oligomerization of olefins
Data Source
AI summary
A composition comprising an N2-phosphinylamidine chromium salt complex having Structure FNPACr I:wherein CrXp is a chromium salt where X is a monoanion and p is an integer from 2 to 6. A process comprising a) contacting i) ethylene, and ii) a catalyst system comprising an N2-phosphinylamidine chromium salt complex having Structure FNPACr I:wherein CrXp is a chromium salt where X is a monoanion and p is an integer from 2 to 6; and b) forming an oligomer product in a reaction zone.