NaDCC Dry Powder Inhalation for Stable Antimicrobial Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current disinfectants for COVID-19, such as hypochlorous acid, have stability issues with pH and temperature, limited shelf life, and are not effective against a wide range of viruses, necessitating a more stable and versatile compound for prevention and treatment.
Innovation Solution
A pharmaceutical formulation of micronized Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) with specific particle sizes and lactose ratios, which is stable over a wide pH range and effective against COVID-19 and other viruses, including enveloped viruses, is developed for inhalation as a dry powder.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is used as a disinfectant, then biocidal effectiveness is improved, but stability is worsened due to pH and temperature dependence
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms HOCl from a pH-dependent unstable compound into a pH-independent stable compound by changing its chemical structure to NaDCC. This parameter change in chemical composition allows the compound to maintain stability across a wide pH range (pH 3-10) while retaining biocidal effectiveness, directly resolving the contradiction between stability and effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite chemical structure by combining sodium dichloroisocyanurate with specific excipients (lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone) to form a stable pharmaceutical formulation. This composite approach enhances the stability of the active compound while maintaining its biocidal properties, resolving the stability-effectiveness contradiction.
2Reliability
If HOCl solution is used, then disinfection capability is improved, but shelf life is worsened to only one month
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters from HOCl to NaDCC, which fundamentally alters the shelf life from one month to five years. This parameter change in chemical composition and stability characteristics extends the duration of action while maintaining disinfection capability, directly addressing the shelf life limitation.
3Reliability
If HOCl is used for broad-spectrum disinfection, then effectiveness against pathogens is improved, but selectivity is worsened as it cannot freely enter eukaryotic cells
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters from HOCl to NaDCC, which modifies the mechanism of action to achieve both broad-spectrum effectiveness and improved safety profile. The parameter change allows the compound to maintain high disinfection effectiveness while reducing cytotoxicity, enabling broader adaptability for medical use.
4Stability of the object's composition
If HOCl products are stored in glass opaque bottles, then stability is improved, but device complexity and storage requirements are worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition from pH-dependent HOCl to pH-independent NaDCC, which eliminates the need for special storage conditions. This parameter change in chemical stability allows the product to be stored in simple containers without opacity requirements, reducing storage complexity while maintaining stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
NaDCC maintains antimicrobial activity independently of pH and temperature, is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria and fungi, and provides a stable and efficient treatment for COVID-19 with a shelf life of five years, making it a safe and convenient option for prevention and treatment.
Implementation Method 1
Hypochlorous acid (an oxidant) is very well known in the art which is widely used as a source of chlorine and exerts biocidal effect by attacking the surface and plasma membrane proteins of bacterial cells
Implementation Method 2
The first lactose and the second lactose are adsorbed on the surface of the micronized Sodium 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trioxo-1,3,5-triazinan-1-ide (NaDCC)
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to use of Sodium 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trioxo-1,3,5-triazinan-1-ide having a chemical structure:for the treatment and/or prevention of COVID-19 infection. The present disclosure further relates to a pharmaceutical formulation that is administered in the form of dry powder inhalation (DPI) to the subject. The dry powder inhalation formulation comprises a micronized Sodium 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trioxo-1,3,5-triazinan-1-ide, a first lactose, a second lactose, and at least one excipient. The pharmaceutical formulation of the present disclosure increases the bioavailability of the NaDCC, has patient compliance, and reduced adverse effects.