Nano-coated Lithium Ion Battery Electrode Powder for Thermal Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries experience rapid performance decline and safety issues at high temperatures due to metal ion dissolution and chemical reactions between electrode materials and electrolytes, leading to impaired charge-discharge efficiency and shortened battery life.
Innovation Solution
A nano-coating layer composed of nanosheets is applied to the surface of the electrode powder, creating a buffer zone that prevents direct contact between the electrolyte and the core while allowing ion and electron transfer, thereby protecting the electrode material from chemical reactions and maintaining electrical performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a protective layer is added to the surface of the active material of the electrode, then the stability of the active material during charge-discharge at high temperature is improved, but the ion transfer and electron transfer between the active material of the electrode and the electrolyte solution are affected, decreasing the charge-discharge efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a thin film coating layer on the surface of the active material particles. This thin film structure provides physical protection and stabilizes the material during charge-discharge cycles while maintaining sufficient ion and electron transfer capability, thus resolving the contradiction between stability improvement and charge-discharge efficiency maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The protective coating is applied locally on the surface of active material particles rather than uniformly throughout the bulk material. This localized protection allows the core active material to maintain its electrochemical activity while the surface layer provides stability, balancing protection needs with charge-discharge performance.
2Power
If the battery operates at high temperature (above 45°C) or under high power, then the power output is improved, but chemical reactions occur between the electrolyte solution and electrode material, producing byproducts and increasing impedance, causing rapid performance decline
Solution Approach 1:
The protective coating layer is applied in advance to the active material surface before battery operation. This pre-established protective barrier prevents harmful chemical reactions between the electrolyte and electrode material during high-temperature or high-power operation, countering the degradation effects before they can occur.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrode structure comprises a composite of active material particles with a protective coating layer. This composite structure combines the high capacity and power characteristics of the active material with the thermal stability and chemical resistance of the coating material, enabling high power output with maintained performance stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nano-coating layer effectively delays side reactions, enhances thermal stability, and maintains charge-discharge efficiency, resulting in improved cycle life and reduced irreversible capacity without compromising electrical performance, even at high temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
the nano-coating layer may be collapsed from the surface of the core even if the core expands or shrinks... the buffer zone does not completely cover the surface of the core, thereby the nano-coating layer does not fall off easily from the core
Implementation Method 2
allowing ion and electron transfer, thereby protecting the electrode material from chemical reactions
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an electrode powder and an electrode plate for a lithium ion battery. The electrode powder includes a core and a nano-coating layer. The core contains a lithium compound. The nano-coating layer is disposed on a surface of the core and consists of a plurality of nanosheets.