Nano-Optical Biosensor Structure for Precise Biomaterial Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biosensors face challenges in efficiently detecting and quantifying biomaterials due to limitations in precision and size of optical structures, which affect their sensitivity and accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor with a precise nano-optical structure of small size, featuring a substrate, an optical structure with a bar shape extending in a specific direction, and a cover with a bridge shape and channel, where the optical structure includes a lower layer, an active layer, and an upper layer, and is configured to capture biomaterials traveling through the channel.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional optical structures are used in biosensors, then the biosensor can detect biomaterials, but the precision and sensitivity are limited due to the large size and lack of precision in optical structures
Solution Approach 1:
The optical structure is divided into multiple functional layers including a lower layer, active layer, and upper layer, with each layer performing specific functions. This segmentation allows for precise control of optical properties while maintaining a compact overall structure, directly resolving the contradiction between detection precision and structure size.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional two-dimensional optical structures to a three-dimensional stacked layer configuration. By utilizing vertical stacking of functional layers with specific optical properties, the design achieves enhanced detection precision through increased optical-path interaction without proportionally increasing the lateral footprint of the device.
2Reliability
If the optical structure size is reduced to improve sensitivity, then detection sensitivity improves, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the optical structure into discrete stackable layers, each layer can be manufactured separately with standardized processes and then assembled. This approach reduces the cumulative precision requirements compared to monolithic nano-fabrication, as each layer can be produced with conventional precision and combined to achieve the final sensitive detection structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The optical structure incorporates nanoholes with controlled diameters and periods that vary in specific directions. These porous features are integrated into the layered structure, allowing light interaction enhancement without requiring extremely small overall dimensions. The porous configuration provides sensitivity while maintaining manufacturability through established nanofabrication techniques for periodic structures.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a biosensor. The biosensor includes a substrate, an optical structure provided on the substrate, and a cover provided on the substrate and having a bridge shape that is in contact with a top surface of the substrate at both sides of the optical structure. The cover has a channel extending in a first direction, the optical structure is provided inside the channel, and the optical structure is configured to capture biomaterials that travel through the channel.