g-C3N4 Fe2O3 MgAl2O4 Nanocomposite for Visible-Light Water Decontamination

The patent creates a composite material consisting of g-C3N4 combined with metal oxide nanoparticles (such as TiO2, ZnO, Fe2O3) or semiconductor quantum dots. This composite structure allows the g-C3N4 to maintain its chemical stability and visible light responsiveness while the metal oxide or quantum dot components provide additional active sites that increase the overall specific surface area and reduce electron-hole recombination through improved charge separation.

The patent introduces metal oxide nanoparticles or semiconductor quantum dots as intermediary materials that facilitate charge separation. These intermediary materials act as electron acceptors or donors, creating heterojunctions with g-C3N4 that promote efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The intermediaries provide additional pathways for charge transfer, reducing recombination losses while maintaining visible light absorption capabilities.

The patent employs porous versions of g-C3N4 or composite materials with engineered porous structures. The porous architecture provides a dramatically increased surface area-to-volume ratio, creating numerous adsorption sites for heavy metal ions. The porous structure allows efficient diffusion of contaminants into the material interior, thereby simultaneously improving both removal efficiency and overall adsorption capacity.

The patent utilizes g-C3N4-based photocatalytic materials that can degrade organic pollutants and adsorb heavy metals using sunlight or visible light as the energy source. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for expensive external energy inputs, chemical reagents, or complex operational systems. The material performs its remediation function autonomously under ambient lighting conditions, significantly reducing operational costs while maintaining effective contaminant removal.