Nanodiamond Coating Deposition for Heat Transfer and Electrical Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing thermal management techniques for electronic devices, such as copper thermal vias and diamond-like films, are heavy, expensive, or inadequate for high power applications, and nanodiamond composites lack control in placement and anisotropic properties.
Innovation Solution
Electrophoretic deposition of nanodiamond films on substrates using a film-forming amine layer to create a positive surface charge, followed by annealing, resulting in a 2-2 composite with enhanced thermal conductivity and electrical insulation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If traditional diamond or diamond-like films are used for thermal management, then thermal conductivity is improved, but weight and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses nanodiamond particles combined with a binder resin to create a composite coating that achieves high thermal conductivity without the weight penalty of solid diamond. The nanodiamonds are dispersed in a polymer matrix to form a lightweight composite structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the scale parameter from microscale diamond particles to nanoscale diamond particles, which reduces the amount of diamond material needed while maintaining thermal performance. The nanoparticle size allows for more efficient heat transfer pathways with less material.
2Ease of manufacture
If nanodiamonds are formed into 0-3 composites, then ease of manufacture is improved, but thermal conductivity and electrical insulation are diminished
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from isotropic 0-3 composite distribution to anisotropic 2-2 composite layering, where nanodiamonds are concentrated in specific planar regions rather than uniformly distributed throughout a bulk matrix. This local concentration in coating layers enhances thermal conductivity in the heat transfer direction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the composite architecture from three-dimensional matrix embedding (0-3) to two-dimensional surface coating (2-2), creating planar nanodiamond-rich layers that provide enhanced thermal pathways at the interface between heat spreader and heat sink.
3Ease of manufacture
If chemical vapor deposition is used to deposit diamond films, then ease of manufacture is improved, but deposition speed is slow and crystallographic structure is inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the slow chemical vapor deposition process with a physical suspension and coating method using nanodiamond particles in a binder resin. This mechanical/physical approach to film formation is much faster than chemical deposition while achieving the desired diamond structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method produces a dense, thermally conductive and electrically anisotropic nanodiamond coating with improved heat transfer and electrical isolation, overcoming the limitations of existing methods.
Implementation Method 1
electrophoretic deposition of nanodiamond films on substrates
Implementation Method 2
followed by annealing
Data Source
AI summary
A method for making a nanodiamond article includes applying an adhesion promoting layer to a substrate, and electrophoretically depositing a nanodiamond film on the substrate with the adhesion promoting layer thereon in a solution to make the nanodiamond article. The nanodiamond article may include a substrate, a nanodiamond film over the substrate, and the adhesion promoting layer between the substrate and the nanodiamond film.