Nanofiber Air Filter Medium with High Adsorption Performance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current air filter media, including HEPA filters, have limitations in effectively removing VOCs, PM2.5, and bacteria from indoor air due to high pressure loss and low adsorption performance, and existing nanofiber filters are ineffective in removing organic contaminants and bacteria.
Innovation Solution
A high-adsorption-performance nanofiber air filter medium comprising a support material with a composite nanofiber filtration layer, formed by depositing and stacking multiple layers of nano-powder composite nanofibers, including first, second, and third nano-powder composite nanofibers, which are uniformly or sequentially laminated, utilizing electrostatic field spinning and airflow stretching to achieve enhanced filtration and adsorption efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If regular air filter media are used, then filtration function is provided, but pressure loss is high and adsorption performance is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs nanofiber materials with controlled porosity to create a filtration medium that maintains high filtration efficiency while reducing pressure loss. The nanoscale pore structure provides extensive surface area for particle capture without creating excessive flow resistance, directly addressing the contradiction between reliable filtration and energy loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite nanofiber structures combining different materials to achieve both mechanical strength for filtration and chemical properties for adsorption. The composite nature allows simultaneous optimization of filtration performance and pressure characteristics, resolving the trade-off between reliable filtration function and low pressure loss.
2Reliability
If HEPA filter medium is used to achieve high filtration efficiency, then filtration efficiency is improved, but weight increases and pressure loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The nanofiber filtration medium utilizes highly porous structures that provide extensive filtration surface area within a lightweight framework. The nanoscale fiber diameter creates numerous pores that capture particles efficiently without requiring dense material packing, thereby achieving high filtration efficiency with reduced weight.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from conventional two-dimensional filter media to three-dimensional nanofiber networks with hierarchical pore structures. This dimensional transformation allows light scattering and particle capture mechanisms to operate more effectively, achieving high filtration efficiency with minimal material mass.
3Area of stationary object
If nanofiber filter media are used, then sparse porous structure and high specific surface area are achieved, but effectiveness against bacteria, viruses, and organic contaminants is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates composite nanofibers combining base materials with functional additives such as metal oxides, carbon materials, or antimicrobial agents. This composite approach maintains the high specific surface area advantage while adding chemical functionality for effective removal of bacteria, viruses, and organic contaminants through adsorption, catalysis, or antimicrobial action.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies different functional properties to different regions or components of the nanofiber structure. Certain nanofiber zones are engineered with specific chemical compositions or surface treatments to target particular contaminants, ensuring effective removal of bacteria and organic substances while maintaining overall high surface area for general filtration.
4Reliability
If glass fiber nonwoven fabric is used, then filtration efficiency is achieved, but the material is susceptible to break when folded and processed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the filtration medium by using nanofibers with optimized diameter, length, and bonding characteristics. These parameter modifications result in a more flexible yet strong structure that maintains filtration efficiency while improving resistance to folding and processing, unlike rigid glass fiber materials.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nanofiber air filter medium achieves formaldehyde adsorption efficiency greater than 95%, 0.3 μm powder dust filtration efficiency greater than 90%, and antimicrobial efficiency greater than 99% for Staphylococcus aureus, with a pressure loss less than 7 mmH2O, significantly improving indoor air quality.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing electrostatic field spinning and airflow stretching to achieve enhanced filtration and adsorption efficiency
Implementation Method 2
The nanofiber air filter medium achieves formaldehyde adsorption efficiency greater than 95%
Implementation Method 3
utilizing electrostatic field spinning and airflow stretching to achieve enhanced filtration and adsorption efficiency
Implementation Method 4
0.3 μm powder dust filtration efficiency greater than 90%
Data Source
AI summary
A high-adsorption-performance nanofiber filter medium includes a support material and a composite nanofiber filtration layer that includes multiple nanometer composite nanofiber layers deposited and stacked on the support material. The nanometer composite nanofiber layer includes first, second, and third nano-powder composite nanofibers, which are uniformly mixed by means of an airflow or are sequentially laminated to form the nanometer composite nanofiber layer. The nanometer composite nanofiber layer formed through sequential lamination includes first, second, and third nanofiber layers. The first nanofiber layer includes multiple first nano-powder composite nanofibers. The second nanofiber layer is stacked on the first nanofiber layer and includes multiple second nano-powder composite nanofibers. The third nanofiber layer is stacked on the second nanofiber layer and includes multiple third nano-powder composite nanofibers. The composite nanofiber filtration layer is formed of multiple nanometer composite nanofiber layers, so that the high-adsorption-performance nanofiber air filter medium shows improved performance.