Nano Fiber Air Filter Membrane for Haze and Gas Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing air purification methods, such as composite screen window nets, are inadequate in transparency and air permeability and fail to effectively filter and degrade harmful gases like PM2.5 and PM10 particles, VOCs, NOx, SOx, and NH3.
Innovation Solution
A nano fiber air filter membrane with a diameter of 200–2000 nm and a two-dimensional or three-dimensional network structure, made from high-molecular polymer nano fibers, which includes organic or inorganic additives for absorption and degradation of harmful gases, and can be prepared using an electrostatic spinning process to achieve high transmittance and obstruction efficiency while generating a color response for gas identification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a composite screen window net with activated carbon spongy layer is used for filtration and adsorption, then dust and harmful gas filtration is achieved, but transparency and air permeability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a porous polymer membrane as the base structure with controlled pore sizes and distributions. This porous structure allows light to transmit through the membrane while providing pathways for air flow, thereby maintaining both transparency and air permeability while enabling effective particle filtration through the porous network
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite structure by integrating functional particles (such as metal oxides or photocatalytic materials) into the porous polymer membrane matrix. This composite approach enables the membrane to simultaneously achieve dust filtration, harmful gas degradation, and maintain optical transparency, resolving the contradiction between filtration performance and transparency
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a composite screen window net with activated carbon spongy layer is used for filtration, then dust and harmful gas adsorption is achieved, but air permeability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The porous polymer membrane provides a three-dimensional network of pores that facilitate rapid air flow while trapping particles. The controlled pore architecture ensures high air permeability is maintained even as the membrane provides effective filtration through its porous structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent distributes functional particles non-uniformly within the membrane structure, concentrating adsorption and degradation functions in specific regions while maintaining open porous channels for air flow in other regions. This local functional differentiation preserves air permeability while achieving effective harmful gas removal
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional filtration methods are used, then dust filtration is achieved, but harmful gas detection and degradation capability is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates multiple functions into a single membrane system: physical filtration of particles through the porous structure, adsorption of harmful gases through functional particles, photocatalytic degradation of adsorbed contaminants, and colorimetric detection capabilities. This multi-functional design enables simultaneous dust filtration and harmful gas detection/degradation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates colorimetric indicators or chromogenic particles within the membrane that undergo visible color changes when exposed to specific harmful gases. This allows real-time visual detection and identification of different harmful gas types, adding detection capability to the filtration system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nano fiber membrane efficiently filters PM2.5 and PM10 particles and identifies and clears multiple harmful gases, offering improved air purification with high transparency and air permeability, and has a wide application prospect in air purification products.
Implementation Method 1
the nano fiber membrane can be prepared by an electrostatic spinning process
Implementation Method 2
the organic or inorganic additive is selected from organic or inorganic additives at least used for absorbing selected chemical substances in the air
Implementation Method 3
The nano fiber also comprises a photocatalyst capable of degrading selected chemical substances in the air
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure discloses an anti-haze anti-harmful gas air filter membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The air filter membrane comprises a nano fiber membrane made of nano fibers and having a two-dimensional or three-dimensional network structure. The nano fiber membrane can be a high-molecular polymer nano fiber membrane prepared by utilizing an electrostatic spinning process, and can also be doped with an organic or inorganic additive capable of adsorbing and absorbing harmful gases, such as VOCs, NOx, SOx and NH3, in the air and/or a photocatalyst capable of degrading these harmful gases in a photocatalysis manner, or the like. The anti-haze anti-harmful gas air filter membrane disclosed by the disclosure can efficiently filter PM2.5 and PM10 particulate pollutants and the like in the air and simultaneously can efficiently identify and clear multiple harmful gases in the air. The anti-haze anti-harmful gas air filter membrane has a wide application prospect in the field of air purification, for example, can be applied to air purification devices, such as screen windows, gauze masks and filter screens.