Nanoparticle Composite Stabilizing Fullerene Dispersion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods fail to achieve stable dispersion of fullerene guest molecules in solvents when other solutes are present, leading to instability in the dispersion process.
Innovation Solution
A nanoparticle composite is formed by combining a chain oligomer with fluoroalkyl groups and a three-dimensional silica network section, creating a structure that physically confines the guest molecule within a three-dimensional network, enhancing dispersion stability even in solvents with multiple solutes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional molecule aggregate is used to disperse fullerene, then fullerene can be dispersed in water and organic solvents, but the aggregate takes in other solutes as guest molecules, causing instability in the dispersion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating distinct functional regions within the host molecule: a hydrophilic section for water solubility and a hydrophobic section with specific cavity structure for selective fullerene inclusion. This local differentiation allows the molecule to interact differently with various solutes, achieving selective guest molecule incorporation while maintaining dispersion stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining the hydrophilic section (containing polar groups like carboxyl, hydroxyl, or amino groups) with the hydrophobic section (containing non-polar groups like alkyl or aryl groups) to form an amphipathic host molecule. This composite structure enables simultaneous interaction with both aqueous and organic environments, providing stable dispersion while maintaining selectivity for fullerene guest molecules.
2Ease of operation
If a molecule aggregate with amphipathic property is used, then it can serve as a dispersion assistant for fullerene, but it cannot achieve stable dispersion when other solutes are present in the solvent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the host molecule into distinct functional sections: a hydrophilic section containing polar groups for water solubility and a hydrophobic section containing non-polar groups for fullerene interaction. This segmentation allows each section to perform its specific function independently, maintaining dispersion assistance capability while achieving stability through selective guest molecule incorporation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by modifying the molecular structure to include specific functional groups with defined properties (polar vs. non-polar, hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic). By controlling the nature and arrangement of these groups, the host molecule's solubility parameters and guest molecule binding affinity are optimized to provide stable dispersion assistance even in the presence of other solutes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite effectively stabilizes the dispersion of guest molecules by physically trapping them within the silica network, improving dispersion stability and emulsification, allowing for stable dispersion in solvents where conventional techniques fail.
Implementation Method 1
combining a chain oligomer with fluoroalkyl groups and a three-dimensional silica network section, creating a structure that physically confines the guest molecule within a three-dimensional network
Implementation Method 2
such a molecule aggregate has an amphipathic property, and therefore it is known that the molecule aggregate has the performance of serving as a dispersion assistant for fullerene which is slightly soluble and low dispersible in water and organic solvents
Data Source
AI summary
A nanoparticle composite includes a host molecule including a chain oligomer section having a hydrophilic group and fluoroalkyl groups respectively at opposite terminals thereof and a three-dimensional silica network section, and having a structure represented by the following formula (1):where X is the hydrophilic group and is independent OH group, independent NCO group, independent NH2 group, independent NHR group (where R is alkyl group) or independent OCY group (where Y is a hydrophilic group); RF is the fluoroalkyl group having a carbon number of 2 to 10 and a molecular weight of 119 to 1000; 3D-SN is the three-dimensional silica network section; B is independent O, independent O═C—O, independent NH—C═O or independent NR—C═O (where R is alkyl group); n is 1≦n≦10; and m is 1≦m≦n; and a guest molecule included in the host molecule.